PMID- 25812050 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180123 LR - 20180313 IS - 2470-1408 (Electronic) IS - 2470-1394 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 6 DP - 2016 Nov TI - Preliminary study of genetic diversity and population structure of the Relict Gull Larus relictus (Charadriiformes Laridae) using mitochondrial and nuclear genes. PG - 4246-4249 AB - The genetic diversity and the population history of the Relict Gull (Larus relictus) were studied based on the sequences of two mitochondrial genes (Cyt b and ND2) and one nuclear gene (the third intron of the Z-linked muscle-specific kinase gene [MUSK]) from 47 individuals. The results showed that the population expresses very low genetic diversity while lacking large geographical population. Demographic history analysis suggested that population expansion might have been recent and that the average estimated expansion time of L. relictus is from 0.09 to 0.23 Ma BP. Whether the other three breeding subpopulations are involved in the Ordos breeding subpopulation, require further study with more effective molecular markers. The species is threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation, and actions to protect it are suggested to improve the population fragmentation of breeding. FAU - Yang, Chao AU - Yang C AD - a Shaanxi Institute of Zoology , Xi'an , China. FAU - Lian, Ting AU - Lian T AD - b Xi'an Vocational and Technical College , Xi'an , China , and. FAU - Wang, Qing-Xiong AU - Wang QX AD - a Shaanxi Institute of Zoology , Xi'an , China. FAU - Huang, Yuan AU - Huang Y AD - c College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an , China. FAU - Xiao, Hong AU - Xiao H AD - a Shaanxi Institute of Zoology , Xi'an , China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20150326 PL - England TA - Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal JT - Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis JID - 101679980 RN - 0 (DNA, Mitochondrial) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Birds/*genetics MH - Breeding MH - Cell Nucleus/*genetics MH - Charadriiformes/*genetics MH - DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics MH - Genes, Mitochondrial/*genetics MH - Genetic Variation/*genetics MH - Genetics, Population/methods MH - Genome, Mitochondrial/*genetics MH - Geography MH - Haplotypes/genetics MH - Mitochondria/*genetics MH - Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods OTO - NOTNLM OT - Demographic history OT - Larus relictus OT - genetic diversity OT - mitochondrial and nuclear gene OT - population structure EDAT- 2015/03/27 06:00 MHDA- 2018/01/24 06:00 CRDT- 2015/03/27 06:00 PHST- 2015/03/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/01/24 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2015/03/27 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.3109/19401736.2015.1022759 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal. 2016 Nov;27(6):4246-4249. doi: 10.3109/19401736.2015.1022759. Epub 2015 Mar 26.