PMID- 25845246
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170605
LR  - 20190918
IS  - 0370-8179 (Print)
IS  - 0370-8179 (Linking)
VI  - 143
IP  - 1-2
DP  - 2015 Jan-Feb
TI  - Changes in soft tissue profile using functional appliances in the treatment of 
      skeletal class II malocclusion.
PG  - 12-5
AB  - INTRODUCTION: The effects of orthodontic treatment are considered to be 
      successful if the facial harmony is achieved, while the structures of soft tissue 
      profile are in harmony with skeletal structures of neurocranium and 
      viscerocranium. In patients with skeletal distal bite caused by mandibular 
      retrognathism, facial esthetics is disturbed often, in terms of pronounced 
      convexity of the profile and change in the position and relationship of the lips. 
      OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the extent of soft tissue 
      profile changes in patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion treated with 
      three different orthodontic appliances: Frankel functional regulator type I 
      (FR-I), Balters' Bionator type I and Hotz appliance. METHODS: The study included 
      60 patients diagnosed with skeletal Class II malocclusion caused by mandibular 
      retrognathism, in the period of early mixed dentition. Each subgroup of 20 
      patients was treated with a variety of orthodontic appliances. On the lateral 
      cephalogram, before and after treatment, the following parameters were analyzed:T 
      angle, H angle, the height of the upper lip, the position of the upper and lower 
      lip in relation to the esthetic line.Within the statistical analysis the mean, 
      maximum, minimum, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, two-factor 
      analysis of variance with repeated measures and the factor analysis of variance 
      were calculated using ANOVA, Bonferroni test and Student's t-test. RESULTS: A 
      significant decrease of angles T and H was noticed in the application of FR-I, 
      from 21.60 degrees  to 17.15 degrees , and from 16.45 degrees  to 13.40 degrees  (p < 0.001). FR-I decreased the 
      height of the upper lip from 26.15 mm to 25.85 mm, while Hotz appliance and 
      Balters' Bionator type I increased the height of the upper lip, thereby 
      deteriorating esthetics of the patient. CONCLUSION: All used orthodontic 
      appliances lead to changes in soft tissue profile in terms of improving facial 
      esthetics, with the most distinctive changes in the application of Frankel's 
      functional regulator type I, which is the most successful appliance for achieving 
      the overall facial harmony of the patient.
FAU - Stamenkovic, Zorana
AU  - Stamenkovic Z
FAU - Raickovic, Vanja
AU  - Raickovic V
FAU - Ristic, Vladimir
AU  - Ristic V
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Serbia
TA  - Srp Arh Celok Lek
JT  - Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo
JID - 0027440
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Cephalometry
MH  - Face/*anatomy & histology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Lip/*anatomy & histology
MH  - Male
MH  - Malocclusion, Angle Class II/*pathology/therapy
MH  - *Orthodontic Appliances
MH  - Radiography
EDAT- 2015/04/08 06:00
MHDA- 2017/06/06 06:00
CRDT- 2015/04/08 06:00
PHST- 2015/04/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/04/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/06/06 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.2298/sarh1502012s [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Srp Arh Celok Lek. 2015 Jan-Feb;143(1-2):12-5. doi: 10.2298/sarh1502012s.