PMID- 25855121
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150813
LR  - 20230216
IS  - 1541-6100 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-3166 (Linking)
VI  - 145
IP  - 6
DP  - 2015 Jun
TI  - Gluten Intake Is Positively Associated with Plasma alpha2-Macroglobulin in Young 
      Adults.
PG  - 1256-62
LID - 10.3945/jn.115.212829 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Gluten-free foods have increased in popularity over the past decade 
      and are now being consumed by individuals without celiac disease. However, the 
      physiologic effects of gluten intake in individuals without celiac disease remain 
      unknown. High-abundance plasma proteins involved in inflammation, endothelial 
      function, and other physiologic pathways may represent potential biomarkers of 
      biological effects of gluten intake. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to examine the 
      association between gluten intake and plasma proteomic biomarkers in a population 
      of adults without clinically diagnosed celiac disease. METHODS: Subjects (n = 
      1095) were participants of the Toronto Nutrigenomics and Health Study, a 
      cross-sectional examination of young adults aged 20-29 y. Dietary gluten intake 
      was estimated by using a 1-mo, 196-item semiquantitative food-frequency 
      questionnaire. The concentrations of 54 plasma proteins were measured 
      simultaneously by liquid chromatography/multiple-reaction monitoring mass 
      spectrometry. The association between gluten intake and each proteomic biomarker 
      was examined by using general linear models. Analyses were then conducted in 
      individuals who do not have the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ2 or DQ8 risk 
      variants required for the development of celiac disease to determine whether any 
      associations observed could have been due to undiagnosed cases of celiac disease. 
      RESULTS: Increased gluten intake was associated with increased concentrations of 
      plasma alpha2-macroglobulin (P = 0.01), a marker of inflammation and cytokine 
      release. The association remained after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, ethnicity, 
      physical activity, energy intake, fiber intake, and hormonal contraceptive use 
      among women. This relation was not modified by HLA risk variants. CONCLUSION: 
      Gluten consumption is associated with increased plasma alpha2-macroglobulin in young 
      adults, which appears to be independent of celiac disease, suggesting possible 
      effects of gluten on inflammation.
CI  - (c) 2015 American Society for Nutrition.
FAU - Jamnik, Joseph
AU  - Jamnik J
AD  - Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 
      Toronto, Canada; and.
FAU - Garcia-Bailo, Bibiana
AU  - Garcia-Bailo B
AD  - Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 
      Toronto, Canada; and.
FAU - Borchers, Christoph H
AU  - Borchers CH
AD  - Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, University of Victoria, Victoria, 
      Canada.
FAU - El-Sohemy, Ahmed
AU  - El-Sohemy A
AD  - Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 
      Toronto, Canada; and a.el.sohemy@utoronto.ca.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150408
PL  - United States
TA  - J Nutr
JT  - The Journal of nutrition
JID - 0404243
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Blood Proteins)
RN  - 0 (HLA-DQ Antigens)
RN  - 0 (HLA-DQ2 antigen)
RN  - 0 (HLA-DQ8 antigen)
RN  - 0 (alpha-Macroglobulins)
RN  - 8002-80-0 (Glutens)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Biomarkers/blood
MH  - Blood Proteins/metabolism
MH  - Body Mass Index
MH  - Celiac Disease/blood
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Energy Intake
MH  - Female
MH  - Glutens/*administration & dosage/*adverse effects
MH  - HLA-DQ Antigens/blood
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Motor Activity
MH  - Nutrition Assessment
MH  - Proteomics
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
MH  - Waist Circumference
MH  - Young Adult
MH  - alpha-Macroglobulins/*metabolism
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - alpha-2-macroglobulin
OT  - gluten
OT  - human leukocyte antigen
OT  - plasma proteins
OT  - proteomics
EDAT- 2015/04/10 06:00
MHDA- 2015/08/14 06:00
CRDT- 2015/04/10 06:00
PHST- 2015/02/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/03/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/04/10 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/04/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/08/14 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0022-3166(22)08752-1 [pii]
AID - 10.3945/jn.115.212829 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Nutr. 2015 Jun;145(6):1256-62. doi: 10.3945/jn.115.212829. Epub 2015 Apr 8.