PMID- 25861940
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160704
LR  - 20191008
IS  - 1872-9754 (Electronic)
IS  - 0197-0186 (Print)
IS  - 0197-0186 (Linking)
VI  - 89
DP  - 2015 Oct
TI  - Neurohormetic phytochemicals: An evolutionary-bioenergetic perspective.
PG  - 271-80
LID - S0197-0186(15)00060-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.neuint.2015.03.009 [doi]
AB  - The impact of dietary factors on brain health and vulnerability to disease is 
      increasingly appreciated. The results of epidemiological studies, and 
      intervention trials in animal models suggest that diets rich in phytochemicals 
      can enhance neuroplasticity and resistance to neurodegeneration. Here we describe 
      how interactions of plants and animals during their co-evolution, and resulting 
      reciprocal adaptations, have shaped the remarkable characteristics of 
      phytochemicals and their effects on the physiology of animal cells in general, 
      and neurons in particular. Survival advantages were conferred upon plants capable 
      of producing noxious bitter-tasting chemicals, and on animals able to tolerate 
      the phytochemicals and consume the plants as an energy source. The remarkably 
      diverse array of phytochemicals present in modern fruits, vegetables spices, tea 
      and coffee may have arisen, in part, from the acquisition of adaptive cellular 
      stress responses and detoxification enzymes in animals that enabled them to 
      consume plants containing potentially toxic chemicals. Interestingly, some of the 
      same adaptive stress response mechanisms that protect neurons against noxious 
      phytochemicals are also activated by dietary energy restriction and vigorous 
      physical exertion, two environmental challenges that shaped brain evolution. In 
      this perspective article, we describe some of the signaling pathways relevant to 
      cellular energy metabolism that are modulated by 'neurohormetic phytochemicals' 
      (potentially toxic chemicals produced by plants that have beneficial effects on 
      animals when consumed in moderate amounts). We highlight the cellular 
      bioenergetics-related sirtuin, adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase 
      (AMPK), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and insulin-like growth factor 1 
      (IGF-1) pathways. The inclusion of dietary neurohormetic phytochemicals in an 
      overall program for brain health that also includes exercise and energy 
      restriction may find applications in the prevention and treatment of a range of 
      neurological disorders.
CI  - Published by Elsevier Ltd.
FAU - Murugaiyah, Vikneswaran
AU  - Murugaiyah V
AD  - School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau 
      Pinang, Malaysia.
FAU - Mattson, Mark P
AU  - Mattson MP
AD  - Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research 
      Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. Electronic address: mark.mattson@nih.gov.
LA  - eng
GR  - ZIA AG000314-13/Intramural NIH HHS/United States
GR  - ZIA AG000317-14/Intramural NIH HHS/United States
GR  - ZIA AG000315-13/Intramural NIH HHS/United States
GR  - ZIA AG000317-13/Intramural NIH HHS/United States
GR  - ZIA AG000314-14/Intramural NIH HHS/United States
GR  - ZIA AG000315-14/Intramural NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
PT  - Review
DEP - 20150407
PL  - England
TA  - Neurochem Int
JT  - Neurochemistry international
JID - 8006959
RN  - 0 (Antioxidants)
RN  - 0 (Neurotransmitter Agents)
RN  - 0 (Phytochemicals)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antioxidants/administration & dosage/*metabolism
MH  - Brain/drug effects/*metabolism
MH  - Energy Metabolism/drug effects/*physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Neurotransmitter Agents/administration & dosage/*metabolism
MH  - Oxidative Stress/drug effects/physiology
MH  - Phytochemicals/administration & dosage/*metabolism
PMC - PMC4586293
MID - NIHMS678801
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - AMPK
OT  - Adaptive stress response
OT  - Alzheimer's disease
OT  - Hormesis
OT  - Sirtuin
OT  - mTOR
EDAT- 2015/04/12 06:00
MHDA- 2016/07/05 06:00
PMCR- 2016/10/01
CRDT- 2015/04/12 06:00
PHST- 2015/02/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/03/20 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2015/03/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/04/12 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/04/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/07/05 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0197-0186(15)00060-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.neuint.2015.03.009 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neurochem Int. 2015 Oct;89:271-80. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2015.03.009. Epub 2015 
      Apr 7.