PMID- 25879874
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20161213
LR  - 20221207
IS  - 1943-3670 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-3492 (Linking)
VI  - 86
IP  - 7
DP  - 2015 Jul
TI  - Periodontal Inflammatory Conditions Among Smokers and Never-Smokers With and 
      Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
PG  - 839-46
LID - 10.1902/jop.2015.150120 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: There is a dearth of studies regarding the influence of cigarette 
      smoking on periodontal inflammatory conditions among patients with type 2 
      diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of the present study is to assess periodontal 
      inflammatory conditions among smokers and never-smokers with and without T2DM. 
      METHODS: One hundred individuals (50 patients with T2DM [25 smokers and 25 
      never-smokers] and 50 controls [25 smokers and 25 never-smokers]) were included. 
      Information regarding age, sex, duration and daily frequency of smoking, duration 
      and treatment of diabetes, and oral hygiene was recorded using a questionnaire. 
      Periodontal parameters (plaque index [PI], bleeding on probing [BOP], probing 
      depth [PD], clinical attachment loss [AL], and marginal bone loss [MBL]) were 
      measured. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were also recorded. RESULTS: Mean age, 
      monthly income status, and education levels were comparable among smokers and 
      never-smokers with and without T2DM. Mean HbA1c levels were significantly higher 
      among patients with T2DM (8.2% +/- 0.1%) compared with controls (4.4% +/- 0.3%) (P 
      <0.05). Smokers in the control group were smoking significantly greater numbers 
      of cigarettes (15.5 +/- 2.5 cigarettes daily) compared with smokers with T2DM (6.2 
      +/- 2.1 cigarettes daily) (P <0.05). Periodontal parameters were comparable among 
      smokers and never-smokers with T2DM. Among controls, periodontal parameters (PI 
      [P <0.05], AL [P <0.05], PD >/=4 mm [P <0.05], and MBL [P <0.05]) were 
      significantly higher in smokers than never-smokers. Never-smokers with T2DM had 
      worse periodontal status than smokers and never-smokers in the control group (P 
      <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Periodontal inflammatory conditions are comparable among 
      smokers and never-smokers with T2DM. Among controls, periodontal inflammation is 
      worse among smokers than never-smokers.
FAU - Javed, Fawad
AU  - Javed F
AD  - Division of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of 
      Rochester, Rochester, NY.
FAU - Al-Kheraif, Abdulaziz A
AU  - Al-Kheraif AA
AD  - Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied 
      Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Salazar-Lazo, Karem
AU  - Salazar-Lazo K
AD  - Division of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of 
      Rochester, Rochester, NY.
FAU - Yanez-Fontenla, Virginia
AU  - Yanez-Fontenla V
AD  - Division of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of 
      Rochester, Rochester, NY.
FAU - Aldosary, Khalid M
AU  - Aldosary KM
AD  - Dental Department, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University.
FAU - Alshehri, Mohammed
AU  - Alshehri M
AD  - Dental Department, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University.
FAU - Malmstrom, Hans
AU  - Malmstrom H
AD  - Division of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of 
      Rochester, Rochester, NY.
FAU - Romanos, Georgios E
AU  - Romanos GE
AD  - Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, 
      Stony Brook, NY.
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150416
PL  - United States
TA  - J Periodontol
JT  - Journal of periodontology
JID - 8000345
RN  - 0 (Glycated Hemoglobin A)
SB  - IM
MH  - Alveolar Bone Loss/classification
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Dental Plaque Index
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood/*complications
MH  - Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Oral Hygiene
MH  - Periodontal Attachment Loss/classification
MH  - Periodontal Index
MH  - Periodontal Pocket/classification
MH  - Periodontitis/*classification
MH  - *Smoking
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Alveolar bone loss
OT  - dental plaque
OT  - gingival bleeding on probing
OT  - inflammation
OT  - smoking
OT  - type 2 diabetes mellitus
EDAT- 2015/04/17 06:00
MHDA- 2016/12/15 06:00
CRDT- 2015/04/17 06:00
PHST- 2015/04/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/04/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/12/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1902/jop.2015.150120 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Periodontol. 2015 Jul;86(7):839-46. doi: 10.1902/jop.2015.150120. Epub 2015 Apr 
      16.