PMID- 25896713
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20161213
LR  - 20180501
IS  - 1469-1833 (Electronic)
IS  - 1352-4658 (Linking)
VI  - 44
IP  - 2
DP  - 2016 Mar
TI  - Core Schemas in Youth at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis.
PG  - 203-13
LID - 10.1017/S1352465815000144 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Schema Theory proposes that the development of maladaptive schemas 
      are based on a combination of memories, emotions and cognitions regarding oneself 
      and one's relationship to others. A cognitive model of psychosis suggests that 
      schemas are crucial to the development and persistence of psychosis. Little is 
      known about the impact that schemas may have on those considered to be at 
      clinical high risk (CHR) of developing psychosis. AIMS: To investigate schemas 
      over time in a large sample of CHR individuals and healthy controls. METHOD: 
      Sample included 765 CHR participants and 280 healthy controls. Schemas were 
      assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 months using the Brief Core Schema Scale (BCSS). 
      Baseline schemas were compared to 2-year clinical outcome. RESULTS: CHR 
      participants evidenced stable and more maladaptive schemas over time compared to 
      controls. Schemas at initial contact did not vary amongst the different clinical 
      outcome groups at 2 years although all CHR outcome groups evidenced significantly 
      worse schemas than healthy controls. Although there were no differences on 
      baseline schemas between those who later transitioned to psychosis compared to 
      those who did not, those who transitioned to psychosis had more maladaptive 
      negative self-schemas at the time of transition. Associations between negative 
      schemas were positively correlated with earlier abuse and bullying. CONCLUSIONS: 
      These findings demonstrate a need for interventions that aim to improve 
      maladaptive schemas among the CHR population. Therapies targeting self-esteem, as 
      well as schema therapy may be important work for future studies.
FAU - Stowkowy, Jacqueline
AU  - Stowkowy J
AD  - University of Calgary,Canada.
FAU - Liu, Lu
AU  - Liu L
AD  - University of Calgary,Canada.
FAU - Cadenhead, Kristin S
AU  - Cadenhead KS
AD  - UCSD,La Jolla,USA.
FAU - Cannon, Tyrone D
AU  - Cannon TD
AD  - Yale University,New Haven,USA.
FAU - Cornblatt, Barbara A
AU  - Cornblatt BA
AD  - Zucker Hillside Hospital,Long Island NY,USA.
FAU - McGlashan, Thomas H
AU  - McGlashan TH
AD  - Yale University,New Haven,USA.
FAU - Perkins, Diana O
AU  - Perkins DO
AD  - University of North Carolina,Chapel Hill,USA.
FAU - Seidman, Larry J
AU  - Seidman LJ
AD  - Harvard Medical SchoolatBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Massachusetts 
      General Hospital,Boston,USA.
FAU - Tsuang, Ming T
AU  - Tsuang MT
AD  - UCSD,La Jolla,USA.
FAU - Walker, Elaine F
AU  - Walker EF
AD  - Emory University,Atlanta,USA.
FAU - Woods, Scott W
AU  - Woods SW
AD  - Yale University,New Haven,USA.
FAU - Bearden, Carrie E
AU  - Bearden CE
AD  - UCLA,Los Angeles,USA.
FAU - Mathalon, Daniel H
AU  - Mathalon DH
AD  - UCSF,San Francisco,USA.
FAU - Heinssen, Robert
AU  - Heinssen R
AD  - National Institute of Mental Health,Bethesda,USA.
FAU - Addington, Jean
AU  - Addington J
AD  - University of Calgary,Canada.
LA  - eng
GR  - K24 MH76191/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 MH60720/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U01MH082004/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U01MH082022/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U01MH081988/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P50 MH066286/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U01MH081902/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U01 MH081857-05/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P50 MH080272/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U01MH081984/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U01 MH081928/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150421
PL  - United States
TA  - Behav Cogn Psychother
JT  - Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy
JID - 9418292
SB  - IM
MH  - Adaptation, Psychological
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Cognition
MH  - *Culture
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Longitudinal Studies
MH  - Male
MH  - Neuropsychological Tests
MH  - Prodromal Symptoms
MH  - Psychotic Disorders/*psychology
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Self Concept
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Clinical high risk
OT  - NAPLS
OT  - beliefs
OT  - psychosis
OT  - schemas
EDAT- 2015/04/22 06:00
MHDA- 2016/12/15 06:00
CRDT- 2015/04/22 06:00
PHST- 2015/04/22 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/04/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/12/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1352465815000144 [pii]
AID - 10.1017/S1352465815000144 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Behav Cogn Psychother. 2016 Mar;44(2):203-13. doi: 10.1017/S1352465815000144. 
      Epub 2015 Apr 21.