PMID- 25899251
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160303
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 2042-6984 (Electronic)
IS  - 2042-6976 (Print)
IS  - 2042-6976 (Linking)
VI  - 5
IP  - 6
DP  - 2015 Jun
TI  - A systematic review and meta-analysis of probiotics for the treatment of allergic 
      rhinitis.
PG  - 524-32
LID - 10.1002/alr.21492 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Probiotics have proven beneficial in a number of immune-mediated and 
      allergic diseases. Several human studies have evaluated the efficacy of 
      probiotics in allergic rhinitis; however, evidence for their use has yet to be 
      firmly established. The current systematic review seeks to synthesize the results 
      of available randomized trials. METHODS: In a systematic review and 
      meta-analysis, the Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were reviewed 
      and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were extracted based on defined inclusion 
      criteria. The effect of probiotics on Rhinitis Quality of Life (RQLQ) scores, 
      Rhinitis Total Symptom Scores (RTSS), as well as total and antigen-specific serum 
      immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels were evaluated by meta-analysis. RESULTS: A total 
      of 23 studies with 1919 patients were identified, including 21 double-blind RCTs 
      and 2 randomized crossover studies. Multiple probiotic strains, study 
      populations, and outcome measures were used in individual trials. Seventeen 
      studies showed a significant clinical benefit from the use of probiotics in at 
      least 1 outcome measure when compared to placebo, whereas 6 trials showed no 
      benefit. Among the trials eligible for meta-analysis, the use of probiotics 
      resulted in a significant improvement in RQLQ scores compared to placebo 
      (standard mean difference [SMD] -2.23; p = 0.02). Probiotics had no effect on 
      RTSS (SMD -0.36; p = 0.13) or total IgE levels (SMD 0.01; p = 0.94), although 
      there was a trend toward a reduction in antigen-specific IgE (SMD 0.20; p = 0.06) 
      in the placebo group compared to probiotic. CONCLUSION: Probiotics may be 
      beneficial in improving symptoms and quality of life in patients with allergic 
      rhinitis; however, current evidence remains limited due to study heterogeneity 
      and variable outcome measures. Additional high-quality studies are needed to 
      establish appropriate recommendations.
CI  - (c) 2015 ARS-AAOA, LLC.
FAU - Zajac, Alexander E
AU  - Zajac AE
AD  - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University School 
      of Medicine, Nashville, TN.
FAU - Adams, Austin S
AU  - Adams AS
AD  - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University School 
      of Medicine, Nashville, TN.
FAU - Turner, Justin H
AU  - Turner JH
AD  - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University School 
      of Medicine, Nashville, TN.
LA  - eng
GR  - L30 AI113795/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Meta-Analysis
PT  - Review
PT  - Systematic Review
DEP - 20150420
PL  - United States
TA  - Int Forum Allergy Rhinol
JT  - International forum of allergy & rhinology
JID - 101550261
RN  - 37341-29-0 (Immunoglobulin E)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunoglobulin E/blood
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Probiotics/*administration & dosage
MH  - Quality of Life
MH  - Rhinitis, Allergic/psychology/*therapy
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC4725706
MID - NIHMS734705
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - allergic rhinitis
OT  - allergy
OT  - atopy
OT  - lactobacillus
OT  - meta-analysis
OT  - probiotics
OT  - randomized trial
COIS- Conflicts of interest: None
EDAT- 2015/04/23 06:00
MHDA- 2016/03/05 06:00
PMCR- 2016/06/01
CRDT- 2015/04/23 06:00
PHST- 2014/09/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/11/28 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/12/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/04/23 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/04/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/03/05 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/06/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1002/alr.21492 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2015 Jun;5(6):524-32. doi: 10.1002/alr.21492. Epub 2015 
      Apr 20.