PMID- 25920496
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160322
LR  - 20150629
IS  - 1542-9741 (Electronic)
IS  - 1542-9733 (Linking)
VI  - 104
IP  - 2
DP  - 2015 Apr
TI  - Biomonitoring of the Genotoxic and Hepatotoxic Effects and Oxidative Stress 
      Potentials of Itraconazole in Pregnant Rats.
PG  - 55-64
LID - 10.1002/bdrb.21138 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Pregnant women are more susceptible to both vaginal colonization and 
      infection by yeast. One hundred million fungal infected patients have been 
      treated worldwide with itraconazole (Caputo, 2003. METHOD: Itraconazole was 
      administrated orally to pregnant rats at doses of 75, 100, or 150 mg/kg during 
      gestational days (GD) 1 to 7 or GD 8 to 14 or GD 14 to 20. The genotoxicity and 
      hepatotoxicity of the antifungal drug itraconazole were assessed during different 
      periods of pregnancy using different methods. RESULTS: It was found that 
      itraconazole was a genotoxic drug for both mothers and fetuses. This finding was 
      observed via significant elevation in the estimated comet assay parameters 
      (percentage of fragmented DNA, tail moment, and olive moment), percentage of 
      fragmented DNA measured by diphenylamine assay and mixed smearing and laddering 
      of DNA fragments of liver samples. In addition, itraconazole caused significant 
      elevation in the level of hepatic malondialdehyde and depletion in the catalase 
      activity and glutathione level. Furthermore, itraconazole induced 
      histopathological alterations in the hepatic tissues of both mothers and fetuses. 
      CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that itraconazole administration at doses of 
      75, 100, or 150 mg/kg during pregnancy induced maternal and fetal toxicity that 
      could be induced by the genotoxicity and the oxidative damage.
CI  - (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
FAU - El-Shershaby, Abdel-Fattah
AU  - El-Shershaby AF
AD  - Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
FAU - Dakrory, Ahmed I
AU  - Dakrory AI
AD  - Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
AD  - Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi 
      Arabia.
FAU - El-Dakdoky, Mai H
AU  - El-Dakdoky MH
AD  - Zoology Department, Women's College for Arts, Science & Education, Ain Shams 
      University, Cairo, Egypt.
FAU - Ibrahim, Jehane
AU  - Ibrahim J
AD  - Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
FAU - Kassem, Fatma
AU  - Kassem F
AD  - Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20150427
PL  - United States
TA  - Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol
JT  - Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology
JID - 101155115
RN  - 0 (Antifungal Agents)
RN  - 304NUG5GF4 (Itraconazole)
RN  - 4Y8F71G49Q (Malondialdehyde)
RN  - EC 1.11.1.6 (Catalase)
RN  - GAN16C9B8O (Glutathione)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antifungal Agents/*toxicity
MH  - Catalase/metabolism
MH  - Comet Assay
MH  - DNA Damage/*drug effects
MH  - *Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Female
MH  - Fetus/drug effects/*pathology
MH  - Glutathione/metabolism
MH  - Itraconazole/*toxicity
MH  - Liver/drug effects/*pathology
MH  - Malondialdehyde/metabolism
MH  - Organogenesis/drug effects
MH  - Oxidation-Reduction
MH  - Oxidative Stress/*drug effects
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Rats
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - genotoxicity
OT  - gestational periods
OT  - hepatotoxicity
OT  - itraconazole
OT  - oxidative stress
OT  - rat
EDAT- 2015/04/30 06:00
MHDA- 2016/03/24 06:00
CRDT- 2015/04/30 06:00
PHST- 2014/12/05 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/03/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/04/30 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/04/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/03/24 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1002/bdrb.21138 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol. 2015 Apr;104(2):55-64. doi: 
      10.1002/bdrb.21138. Epub 2015 Apr 27.