PMID- 25926852
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150430
LR  - 20220310
IS  - 1726-913X (Print)
IS  - 1726-9148 (Electronic)
IS  - 1726-913X (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 2
DP  - 2015 Apr
TI  - Prevalence of lipohypertrophy and associated risk factors in insulin-treated 
      patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
PG  - e20776
LID - 10.5812/ijem.20776 [doi]
LID - e20776
AB  - BACKGROUND: Secondary failure of oral hypoglycemic agents is common in patients 
      with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); thus, patients often need insulin therapy. 
      The most common complication of insulin treatment is lipohypertrophy (LH). 
      OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of LH among 
      insulin-treated patients with Patients with T2DM, to identify the risk factors 
      for the development of LH, and to examine the association between LH and glycemic 
      control. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 1090 patients with T2DM aged 20 to 89 
      years, who attended the diabetes clinics at the National Center for Diabetes, 
      Endocrinology, and Genetics (NCDEG, Amman, Jordan) between October 2011 and 
      January 2012, were enrolled. The presence of LH was examined by inspection and 
      palpation of insulin injection sites at the time of the visit as relevant 
      clinical and laboratory data were obtained. The LH was defined as a local 
      tumor-like swelling of subcutaneous fatty tissue at the site of repeated insulin 
      injections. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of LH was 37.3% (27.4% grade 1, 9.7% 
      grade 2, and 0.2% grade 3). The LH was significantly associated with the duration 
      of diabetes, needle length, duration of insulin therapy, lack of systematic 
      rotation of insulin injection sites, and poor glycemic control. CONCLUSIONS: The 
      LH is a common problem in insulin-treated Jordanian patients with T2DM. More 
      efforts are needed to educate patients and health workers on simple interventions 
      such as using shorter needles and frequent rotation of the insulin injection 
      sites to avoid LH and improve glycemic control.
FAU - Al Ajlouni, Mo'men
AU  - Al Ajlouni M
AD  - Prince Sultan Military Medical, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Abujbara, Mousa
AU  - Abujbara M
AD  - The National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics, Amman, Jordan.
FAU - Batieha, Anwar
AU  - Batieha A
AD  - Department of Community Medicine and Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty 
      of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
FAU - Ajlouni, Kamel
AU  - Ajlouni K
AD  - The National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics, Amman, Jordan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20150430
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Int J Endocrinol Metab
JT  - International journal of endocrinology and metabolism
JID - 101235597
PMC - PMC4397947
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Diabetes mellitus
OT  - Insulin
OT  - Lipodystrophy
EDAT- 2015/05/01 06:00
MHDA- 2015/05/01 06:01
PMCR- 2015/04/01
CRDT- 2015/05/01 06:00
PHST- 2014/07/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/09/27 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/12/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/05/01 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/05/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/05/01 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2015/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.5812/ijem.20776 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Endocrinol Metab. 2015 Apr 30;13(2):e20776. doi: 10.5812/ijem.20776. 
      eCollection 2015 Apr.