PMID- 25934143
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160422
LR  - 20150615
IS  - 1557-9816 (Electronic)
IS  - 0955-470X (Linking)
VI  - 29
IP  - 3
DP  - 2015 Jul
TI  - The diverging roles of dendritic cells in kidney allotransplantation.
PG  - 114-20
LID - S0955-470X(15)00028-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.trre.2015.04.001 [doi]
AB  - Dendritic cells (DCs) are a family of antigen presenting cells that play a 
      paramount role in bridging innate and adaptive immunity. In murine models several 
      subtypes of DCs have been identified, including classical DCs, monocyte-derived 
      DCs, and plasmacytoid DCs. Quiescent, immature DCs and some subtypes of 
      plasmacytoid cells favor the expression of regulatory T cells, but in an 
      inflammatory milieu DCs become mature and after intercepting the antigen migrate 
      to lymphatic system where they present the antigen to naive T cells. Transplant 
      rejection largely depends on the phenotype and maturation of DCs. The 
      ischemia-reperfusion injury causes the release of endogenous molecules that are 
      recognized as danger signals by the pattern recognition receptor of the innate 
      immunity with subsequent activation of inflammatory cells and mediators. In this 
      environment DCs become mature and migrate to lymphonodes where they present the 
      alloantigen to T cells and direct their differentiation towards Th1 and Th17 
      effector cells. On the other hand, manipulation of DCs may favor T cell 
      differentiation towards tolerant Th2 and T regulators (Treg). Experimental 
      studies in murine models showed the possibility of inducing an operational 
      tolerance by injecting immature tolerogenic DCs. Recently, such a possibility has 
      been also confirmed in primates. Although manipulation of DCs may represent an 
      important step ahead in kidney transplantation, a number of technical and ethical 
      issues should be solved before its clinical application.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Podesta, Manuel Alfredo
AU  - Podesta MA
AD  - Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 
      56, 20089, Rozzano - Milano, Italy. Electronic address: manuel.podesta@unimi.it.
FAU - Cucchiari, David
AU  - Cucchiari D
AD  - Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 
      56, 20089, Rozzano - Milano, Italy.
FAU - Ponticelli, Claudio
AU  - Ponticelli C
AD  - Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 
      56, 20089, Rozzano - Milano, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20150415
PL  - United States
TA  - Transplant Rev (Orlando)
JT  - Transplantation reviews (Orlando, Fla.)
JID - 8804364
RN  - 0 (Isoantigens)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adaptive Immunity/*immunology
MH  - Allografts/immunology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Dendritic Cells/cytology/*immunology
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Graft Rejection
MH  - Graft Survival
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immune Tolerance/physiology
MH  - Immunity, Innate/*immunology
MH  - Isoantigens/immunology
MH  - Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects/methods
MH  - Mice
MH  - Transplantation Immunology/*physiology
EDAT- 2015/05/03 06:00
MHDA- 2016/04/23 06:00
CRDT- 2015/05/03 06:00
PHST- 2014/11/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/03/09 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2015/04/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/05/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/05/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/04/23 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0955-470X(15)00028-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.trre.2015.04.001 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Transplant Rev (Orlando). 2015 Jul;29(3):114-20. doi: 10.1016/j.trre.2015.04.001. 
      Epub 2015 Apr 15.