PMID- 25952743
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160826
LR  - 20240323
IS  - 1552-681X (Electronic)
IS  - 0272-989X (Print)
IS  - 0272-989X (Linking)
VI  - 35
IP  - 8
DP  - 2015 Nov
TI  - Presenting Numeric Information with Percentages and Descriptive Risk Labels: A 
      Randomized Trial.
PG  - 937-47
LID - 10.1177/0272989X15584922 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Previous research demonstrated that providing (v. not providing) 
      numeric information about the adverse effects (AEs) of medications increased 
      comprehension and willingness to use medication but left open the question about 
      which numeric format is best. The objective was to determine which of 4 tested 
      formats (percentage, frequency, percentage + risk label, frequency + risk label) 
      maximizes comprehension and willingness to use medication across age and numeracy 
      levels. METHODS: In a cross-sectional internet survey (N = 368; American Life 
      Panel, 15 May 2008 to 18 June 2008), respondents were presented with a 
      hypothetical prescription medication for high cholesterol. AE likelihoods were 
      described using 1 of 4 tested formats. Main outcome measures were risk 
      comprehension (ability to identify AE likelihood from a table) and willingness to 
      use the medication (7-point scale; not likely = 0, very likely = 6). RESULTS: The 
      percentage + risk label format resulted in the highest comprehension and 
      willingness to use the medication compared with the other 3 formats (mean 
      comprehension in percentage + risk label format = 95% v. mean across the other 3 
      formats = 81%; mean willingness = 3.3 v. 2.95, respectively). Comprehension 
      differences between percentage and frequency formats were smaller among the less 
      numerate. Willingness to use medication depended less on age and numeracy when 
      labels were used. Generalizability is limited by the use of a sample that was 
      older, more educated, and better off financially than national averages. 
      CONCLUSIONS: Providing numeric AE-likelihood information in a percentage format 
      with risk labels is likely to increase risk comprehension and willingness to use 
      a medication compared with other numeric formats.
CI  - (c) The Author(s) 2015.
FAU - Sinayev, Aleksandr
AU  - Sinayev A
AD  - Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (AS, EP, MT)
FAU - Peters, Ellen
AU  - Peters E
AD  - Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (AS, EP, MT)
FAU - Tusler, Martin
AU  - Tusler M
AD  - Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (AS, EP, MT)
FAU - Fraenkel, Liana
AU  - Fraenkel L
AD  - Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (LF).
LA  - eng
GR  - AR060231-01/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K24 AR060231/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 AG024962/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 AG020717/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01AG20717/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20150507
PL  - United States
TA  - Med Decis Making
JT  - Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical 
      Decision Making
JID - 8109073
RN  - 0 (Prescription Drugs)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Age Distribution
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - Communication
MH  - Comprehension
MH  - *Decision Making
MH  - Drug Labeling
MH  - *Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
MH  - Female
MH  - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypercholesterolemia
MH  - Internet
MH  - Logistic Models
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - *Patient Medication Knowledge
MH  - Prescription Drugs
MH  - Risk Assessment
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC4592369
MID - NIHMS679550
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - adherence
OT  - aging
OT  - informed decision making
OT  - numeracy
OT  - pharmaceutical decision making
OT  - risk communication
OT  - risk comprehension
OT  - statins
EDAT- 2015/05/09 06:00
MHDA- 2016/08/27 06:00
PMCR- 2016/11/01
CRDT- 2015/05/09 06:00
PHST- 2014/10/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/04/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/05/09 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/05/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/08/27 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/11/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 0272989X15584922 [pii]
AID - 10.1177/0272989X15584922 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Med Decis Making. 2015 Nov;35(8):937-47. doi: 10.1177/0272989X15584922. Epub 2015 
      May 7.