PMID- 25955222
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160201
LR  - 20200306
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 5
DP  - 2015
TI  - Role of the mouse retinal photoreceptor ribbon synapse in visual motion 
      processing for optokinetic responses.
PG  - e0124132
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0124132 [doi]
LID - e0124132
AB  - The ribbon synapse is a specialized synaptic structure in the retinal outer 
      plexiform layer where visual signals are transmitted from photoreceptors to the 
      bipolar and horizontal cells. This structure is considered important in 
      high-efficiency signal transmission; however, its role in visual signal 
      processing is unclear. In order to understand its role in visual processing, the 
      present study utilized Pikachurin-null mutant mice that show improper formation 
      of the photoreceptor ribbon synapse. We examined the initial and late phases of 
      the optokinetic responses (OKRs). The initial phase was examined by measuring the 
      open-loop eye velocity of the OKRs to sinusoidal grating patterns of various 
      spatial frequencies moving at various temporal frequencies for 0.5 s. The mutant 
      mice showed significant initial OKRs with a spatiotemporal frequency tuning 
      (spatial frequency, 0.09 +/- 0.01 cycles/ degrees ; temporal frequency, 1.87 +/- 0.12 Hz) 
      that was slightly different from the wild-type mice (spatial frequency, 0.11 +/- 
      0.01 cycles/ degrees ; temporal frequency, 1.66 +/- 0.12 Hz). The late phase of the OKRs 
      was examined by measuring the slow phase eye velocity of the optokinetic 
      nystagmus induced by the sinusoidal gratings of various spatiotemporal 
      frequencies moving for 30 s. We found that the optimal spatial and temporal 
      frequencies of the mutant mice (spatial frequency, 0.11 +/- 0.02 cycles/ degrees ; temporal 
      frequency, 0.81 +/- 0.24 Hz) were both lower than those in the wild-type mice 
      (spatial frequency, 0.15 +/- 0.02 cycles/ degrees ; temporal frequency, 1.93 +/- 0.62 Hz). 
      These results suggest that the ribbon synapse modulates the spatiotemporal 
      frequency tuning of visual processing along the ON pathway by which the late 
      phase of OKRs is mediated.
FAU - Sugita, Yuko
AU  - Sugita Y
AD  - Department of Integrative Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 
      University, Kyoto, Japan; Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, 
      Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; CREST, Japan 
      Science Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan.
FAU - Araki, Fumiyuki
AU  - Araki F
AD  - Department of Developmental Biology, Osaka Bioscience Institute, Osaka, Japan; 
      Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, 
      Tokyo, Japan.
FAU - Chaya, Taro
AU  - Chaya T
AD  - Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute for Protein 
      Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; CREST, Japan Science Technology Agency, 
      Tokyo, Japan; Department of Developmental Biology, Osaka Bioscience Institute, 
      Osaka, Japan.
FAU - Kawano, Kenji
AU  - Kawano K
AD  - Department of Integrative Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 
      University, Kyoto, Japan.
FAU - Furukawa, Takahisa
AU  - Furukawa T
AD  - Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute for Protein 
      Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; CREST, Japan Science Technology Agency, 
      Tokyo, Japan; Department of Developmental Biology, Osaka Bioscience Institute, 
      Osaka, Japan.
FAU - Miura, Kenichiro
AU  - Miura K
AD  - Department of Integrative Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 
      University, Kyoto, Japan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150508
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (Carrier Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Nerve Tissue Proteins)
RN  - 0 (pikachurin protein, mouse)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Carrier Proteins/metabolism
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Knockout
MH  - Motion Perception/*physiology
MH  - Nerve Tissue Proteins/deficiency/metabolism
MH  - Nystagmus, Optokinetic/*physiology
MH  - Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate/*physiology
MH  - Synapses/*physiology
MH  - Time Factors
PMC - PMC4425508
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2015/05/09 06:00
MHDA- 2016/02/02 06:00
PMCR- 2015/05/08
CRDT- 2015/05/09 06:00
PHST- 2014/12/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/03/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/05/09 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/05/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/02/02 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/05/08 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-14-58010 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0124132 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2015 May 8;10(5):e0124132. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124132. 
      eCollection 2015.