PMID- 25961459 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20150812 LR - 20211203 IS - 1558-8238 (Electronic) IS - 0021-9738 (Print) IS - 0021-9738 (Linking) VI - 125 IP - 6 DP - 2015 Jun TI - Macrophage migration inhibitory factor promotes cyst growth in polycystic kidney disease. PG - 2399-412 LID - 80467 [pii] LID - 10.1172/JCI80467 [doi] AB - Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by renal cyst formation, inflammation, and fibrosis. Macrophages infiltrate cystic kidneys, but the role of these and other inflammatory factors in disease progression are poorly understood. Here, we identified macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) as an important regulator of cyst growth in ADPKD. MIF was upregulated in cyst-lining epithelial cells in polycystin-1-deficient murine kidneys and accumulated in cyst fluid of human ADPKD kidneys. MIF promoted cystic epithelial cell proliferation by activating ERK, mTOR, and Rb/E2F pathways and by increasing glucose uptake and ATP production, which inhibited AMP-activated protein kinase signaling. MIF also regulated cystic renal epithelial cell apoptosis through p53-dependent signaling. In polycystin-1-deficient mice, MIF was required for recruitment and retention of renal macrophages, which promoted cyst expansion, and Mif deletion or pharmacologic inhibition delayed cyst growth in multiple murine ADPKD models. MIF-dependent macrophage recruitment was associated with upregulation of monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) and inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha. TNF-alpha induced MIF expression, and MIF subsequently exacerbated TNF-alpha expression in renal epithelial cells, suggesting a positive feedback loop between TNF-alpha and MIF during cyst development. Our study indicates MIF is a central and upstream regulator of ADPKD pathogenesis and provides a rationale for further exploration of MIF as a therapeutic target for ADPKD. FAU - Chen, Li AU - Chen L FAU - Zhou, Xia AU - Zhou X FAU - Fan, Lucy X AU - Fan LX FAU - Yao, Ying AU - Yao Y FAU - Swenson-Fields, Katherine I AU - Swenson-Fields KI FAU - Gadjeva, Mihaela AU - Gadjeva M FAU - Wallace, Darren P AU - Wallace DP FAU - Peters, Dorien J M AU - Peters DJ FAU - Yu, Alan AU - Yu A FAU - Grantham, Jared J AU - Grantham JJ FAU - Li, Xiaogang AU - Li X LA - eng GR - U01 GM094627/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01DK081579/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - U01GM094627/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 DK079310/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - R01DK084097/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 DK079328/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - T32DK071496/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - P30DK079328/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 DK084097/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 DK081579/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - R01EY022054/EY/NEI NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 DK071496/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 EY022054/EY/NEI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20150511 PL - United States TA - J Clin Invest JT - The Journal of clinical investigation JID - 7802877 RN - 0 (CCL2 protein, human) RN - 0 (Ccl2 protein, mouse) RN - 0 (Chemokine CCL2) RN - 0 (Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors) RN - 0 (TRPP Cation Channels) RN - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha) RN - 0 (polycystic kidney disease 1 protein) RN - EC 2.7.1.1 (MTOR protein, human) RN - EC 2.7.1.1 (mTOR protein, mouse) RN - EC 2.7.11.1 (TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases) RN - EC 2.7.11.24 (Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases) RN - EC 5.3.- (Intramolecular Oxidoreductases) RN - EC 5.3.2.1 (MIF protein, human) RN - EC 5.3.2.1 (Mif protein, mouse) SB - IM CIN - Nat Rev Nephrol. 2015 Jul;11(7):388. PMID: 26008714 MH - Animals MH - Cell Line MH - Chemokine CCL2/genetics/metabolism MH - Disease Models, Animal MH - Epithelial Cells/*metabolism/pathology MH - Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/genetics/metabolism MH - Female MH - Gene Expression Regulation/genetics MH - Humans MH - Intramolecular Oxidoreductases/genetics/*metabolism MH - MAP Kinase Signaling System/genetics MH - Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors/genetics/*metabolism MH - Macrophages/*metabolism/pathology MH - Male MH - Mice MH - Mice, Knockout MH - Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant/genetics/*metabolism/pathology MH - TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics/metabolism MH - TRPP Cation Channels/genetics/metabolism MH - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis/genetics PMC - PMC4497763 EDAT- 2015/05/12 06:00 MHDA- 2015/08/13 06:00 PMCR- 2015/09/01 CRDT- 2015/05/12 06:00 PHST- 2014/12/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2015/04/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2015/05/12 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/05/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2015/08/13 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2015/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 80467 [pii] AID - 10.1172/JCI80467 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Clin Invest. 2015 Jun;125(6):2399-412. doi: 10.1172/JCI80467. Epub 2015 May 11.