PMID- 25967923
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160413
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1090-2139 (Electronic)
IS  - 0889-1591 (Print)
IS  - 0889-1591 (Linking)
VI  - 48
DP  - 2015 Aug
TI  - Early postnatal respiratory viral infection induces structural and neurochemical 
      changes in the neonatal piglet brain.
PG  - 326-35
LID - S0889-1591(15)00126-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.bbi.2015.05.001 [doi]
AB  - Infections that cause inflammation during the postnatal period are common, yet 
      little is known about their impact on brain development in gyrencephalic species. 
      To address this issue, we investigated brain development in domestic piglets 
      which have brain growth and morphology similar to human infants, after 
      experimentally infecting them with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome 
      virus (PRRSV) to induce an interstitial pneumonia Piglets were inoculated with 
      PRRSV on postnatal day (PD) 7 and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to 
      assess brain macrostructure (voxel-based morphometry), microstructure (diffusion 
      tensor imaging) and neurochemistry (MR-spectroscopy) at PD 29 or 30. PRRSV 
      piglets exhibited signs of infection throughout the post-inoculation period and 
      had elevated plasma levels of TNFalpha at the end of the study. PRRSV infection 
      increased the volume of several components of the ventricular system including 
      the cerebral aqueduct, fourth ventricle, and the lateral ventricles. Group 
      comparisons between control and PRRSV piglets defined 8 areas where PRRSV piglets 
      had less gray matter volume; 5 areas where PRRSV piglets had less white matter 
      volume; and 4 relatively small areas where PRRSV piglets had more white matter. 
      Of particular interest was a bilateral reduction in gray and white matter in the 
      primary visual cortex. PRRSV piglets tended to have reduced fractional anisotropy 
      in the corpus callosum. Additionally, N-acetylaspartate, creatine, and 
      myo-inositol were decreased in the hippocampus of PRRSV piglets suggesting 
      disrupted neuronal and glial health and energy imbalances. These findings show in 
      a gyrencephalic species that early-life infection can affect brain growth and 
      development.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Conrad, Matthew S
AU  - Conrad MS
AD  - Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 
      Urbana, IL, USA; Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at 
      Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Integrative Immunology and Behavior Program, 
      University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. Electronic address: 
      mconra3@illinois.edu.
FAU - Sutton, Bradley P
AU  - Sutton BP
AD  - Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 
      USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of 
      Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Bioengineering, 
      University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
FAU - Larsen, Ryan
AU  - Larsen R
AD  - Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at 
      Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
FAU - Van Alstine, William G
AU  - Van Alstine WG
AD  - Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 
      47907, USA.
FAU - Johnson, Rodney W
AU  - Johnson RW
AD  - Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 
      Urbana, IL, USA; Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at 
      Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Integrative Immunology and Behavior Program, 
      University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Division of 
      Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 
      USA. Electronic address: rwjohn@illinois.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 HD069899/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - HD069899/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20150509
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Brain Behav Immun
JT  - Brain, behavior, and immunity
JID - 8800478
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Animals, Newborn
MH  - Brain/metabolism/*pathology/virology
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
MH  - Male
MH  - Organ Size
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/metabolism/*pathology/virology
MH  - *Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus
MH  - Swine
PMC - PMC4508213
MID - NIHMS691991
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Brain
OT  - Development
OT  - Infection
OT  - Magnetic resonance imaging
OT  - Neonatal
OT  - Pig
COIS- Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2015/05/15 06:00
MHDA- 2016/04/14 06:00
PMCR- 2016/08/01
CRDT- 2015/05/14 06:00
PHST- 2015/03/17 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/04/24 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2015/05/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/05/14 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/05/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/04/14 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0889-1591(15)00126-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.bbi.2015.05.001 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Brain Behav Immun. 2015 Aug;48:326-35. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2015.05.001. Epub 2015 
      May 9.