PMID- 25986370
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160202
LR  - 20211102
IS  - 1873-4251 (Electronic)
IS  - 1570-162X (Print)
IS  - 1570-162X (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 3
DP  - 2015
TI  - Mother-to-Child Transmission Outcomes of HIV-Exposed Infants Followed Up in Jos 
      North-Central Nigeria.
PG  - 193-200
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Since 2010, Nigeria has adopted World Health Organization (WHO) 
      'Option B' which requires administration of triple antiretroviral prophylaxis or 
      treatment (ART) to all HIVinfected pregnant women. We studied the transmission 
      outcomes of HIV-exposed children up to 18 months of age. DESIGN: This was a 
      retrospective, observational study of HIV-infected pregnant women and their 
      exposed infants who accessed prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) 
      services at Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, North-central Nigeria. 
      METHODS: HIV-infected women were enrolled during antenatal care or at 
      labor/delivery between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2012. Antiretroviral 
      (ARV) prophylaxis/therapy was provided according to the 2010 Nigerian PMTCT 
      guidelines (adapted WHO 2010 guidelines); Infant HIV diagnosis was performed at 6 
      weeks and at 6 months. HIV antibody diagnosis was used for exposed children at 18 
      months. RESULTS: A total of 996 HIV-exposed children were followed up. Of those 
      children, 140 (14.1%) were lost to follow up by 18 months of age. Twelve children 
      (1.4%) died (all HIV negative) before 18 months of age and six infants (0.7%) 
      were confirmed to be HIV-infected (4 by the age of 6 months and 2 thereafter) and 
      were referred for treatment. A total of 838 (84.1%) children tested HIV negative 
      at 18 months and were discharged. Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV by 
      18 months was lower among women on ART before pregnancy compared to those women 
      who started ART/Triple ARV prophylaxis during pregnancy/delivery. (0.4%; 3/700 vs 
      2.0%; 3/150 P=0.05). Home delivery was associated with higher transmission than 
      facility delivery (p=0.03). Mode of delivery or method of infant feeding had no 
      significant impact on vertical transmission by 18 months. CONCLUSION: In 
      North-central Nigeria where HIV is prevalent, ART started before pregnancy is 
      enormously effective in preventing mother-to-child transmission. Adoption of WHO 
      'Option B+' deserves serious consideration in such settings.
FAU - Sagay, Atiene S
AU  - Sagay AS
AD  - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria. 
      atsagay58@yahoo.com.
FAU - Ebonyi, Augustine O
AU  - Ebonyi AO
FAU - Meloni, Seema T
AU  - Meloni ST
FAU - Musa, Jonah
AU  - Musa J
FAU - Oguche, Stephen
AU  - Oguche S
FAU - Ekwempu, Chinedu C
AU  - Ekwempu CC
FAU - Oyebode, Tinuade
AU  - Oyebode T
FAU - Ejeliogu, Emeka
AU  - Ejeliogu E
FAU - Imade, Godwin E
AU  - Imade GE
FAU - Agbaji, Oche O
AU  - Agbaji OO
FAU - Okonkwo, Prosper
AU  - Okonkwo P
FAU - Kanki, Phyllis J
AU  - Kanki PJ
LA  - eng
GR  - R24 TW008878/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U51HA02522-01-01/PHS HHS/United States
GR  - R24TW008878/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Observational Study
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Curr HIV Res
JT  - Current HIV research
JID - 101156990
RN  - 0 (Anti-Retroviral Agents)
RN  - 0 (HIV Antibodies)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Anti-Retroviral Agents/*therapeutic use
MH  - Chemoprevention/*methods
MH  - Female
MH  - Follow-Up Studies
MH  - HIV Antibodies/blood
MH  - HIV Infections/diagnosis/*prevention & control/*transmission
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/*prevention & control
MH  - Male
MH  - Nigeria/epidemiology
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/*diagnosis/*drug therapy
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - Treatment Outcome
PMC - PMC8558869
MID - NIHMS1748561
COIS- Conflict of Interest: None declared.
EDAT- 2015/05/20 06:00
MHDA- 2016/02/03 06:00
PMCR- 2021/11/01
CRDT- 2015/05/20 06:00
PHST- 2014/10/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/10/31 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2015/02/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/05/20 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/05/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/02/03 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/11/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - CHIVR-EPUB-67132 [pii]
AID - 10.2174/1570162x1303150506182534 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Curr HIV Res. 2015;13(3):193-200. doi: 10.2174/1570162x1303150506182534.