PMID- 26010053
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160524
LR  - 20150812
IS  - 1533-404X (Electronic)
IS  - 0195-7910 (Linking)
VI  - 36
IP  - 3
DP  - 2015 Sep
TI  - Diffuse Axonal Injury-A Distinct Clinicopathological Entity in Closed Head 
      Injuries.
PG  - 127-33
LID - 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000168 [doi]
AB  - The knowledge about the diffuse axonal injury (DAI) as a clinicopathological 
      entity has matured in the last 30 years. It has been defined clinically 
      (immediate and prolonged unconsciousness leading to death or severe disability) 
      and pathologically (the triad of DAI specific changes). In terms of its 
      biomechanics, DAI is occurring as a result of acceleration forces of longer 
      duration and has been fully reproduced experimentally.In the process of 
      diagnosing DAI, the performance of a complete forensic neuropathological 
      examination is essential and the immunohistochemistry method using antibodies 
      against beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta-APP) has been proved to be highly 
      sensitive and specific, selectively targeting the damaged axons.In this review, 
      we are pointing to the significant characteristics of DAI as a distinct 
      clinicopathological entity that can cause severe impairment of the brain 
      function, and in the forensic medicine setting, it can be found as the concrete 
      cause of death. We are discussing not only its pathological feature, its 
      mechanism of occurrence, and the events on a cellular level but also the dilemmas 
      about DAI that still exist in science: (1) regarding the strict criteria for its 
      diagnosis and (2) regarding its biomechanical significance, which can be of a big 
      medicolegal importance.
FAU - Davceva, Natasha
AU  - Davceva N
AD  - From the Faculty of Medicine, Skopje, Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of.
FAU - Basheska, Neli
AU  - Basheska N
FAU - Balazic, Joze
AU  - Balazic J
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Am J Forensic Med Pathol
JT  - The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology
JID - 8108948
RN  - 0 (Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor)
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acceleration
MH  - Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/metabolism
MH  - Axons/metabolism
MH  - Biomarkers/metabolism
MH  - Biomechanical Phenomena
MH  - Diffuse Axonal Injury/classification/*diagnosis
MH  - Forensic Pathology
MH  - Head Injuries, Closed/*complications
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunohistochemistry
EDAT- 2015/05/27 06:00
MHDA- 2016/05/25 06:00
CRDT- 2015/05/27 06:00
PHST- 2015/05/27 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/05/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/05/25 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000168 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2015 Sep;36(3):127-33. doi: 
      10.1097/PAF.0000000000000168.