PMID- 26030870
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160412
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 6
DP  - 2015
TI  - Establishment of the tree shrew as an alcohol-induced Fatty liver model for the 
      study of alcoholic liver diseases.
PG  - e0128253
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0128253 [doi]
LID - e0128253
AB  - Currently, the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver diseases (ALDs) is not clear. As a 
      result, there is no effective treatment for ALDs. One limitation is the lack of a 
      suitable animal model for use in studying ALDs. The tree shrew is a lower primate 
      animal, characterized by a high-alcohol diet. This work aimed to establish a 
      fatty liver model using tree shrews and to assess the animals' suitability for 
      the study of ALDs. Tree shrews were treated with alcohol solutions (10% and 20%) 
      for two weeks. Hemophysiology, blood alcohol concentrations (BACs), oxidative 
      stress factors, alcohol metabolic enzymes and hepatic pathology were checked and 
      assayed with an automatic biochemical analyzer, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 
      (ELISA), western blot, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and oil red O staining, 
      and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Compared with the normal group, the levels 
      of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), 
      gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), 
      reactive oxygen species (ROS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly 
      enhanced in alcohol-treated tree shrews. However, the activity of reduced 
      glutathione hormone (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) declined. Notable 
      changes in alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH1), aldehyde dehydrogenase(ALDH2), CYP2E1, 
      UDP-glucuronosyl transferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) and nuclear factor erythroid-related 
      factor 2 (Nrf2) were observed. HE and oil red O staining showed that hepatocyte 
      swelling, hydropic degeneration, and adipohepatic syndrome occurred in the tree 
      shrews. Alcohol can induce fatty liver-like pathological changes and result in 
      alterations in liver function, oxidative stress factors, alcohol metabolism 
      enzymes and Nrf2. Therefore, the established fatty liver model of tree shrews 
      induced by alcohol should be a promising tool for the study of ALDs.
FAU - Xing, Huijie
AU  - Xing H
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 
      Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for the 
      Prevention and Control of Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong 
      Province, PR China; Institute of Laboratory Animals, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 
      Guangdong Province, PR China.
FAU - Jia, Kun
AU  - Jia K
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 
      Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for the 
      Prevention and Control of Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong 
      Province, PR China.
FAU - He, Jun
AU  - He J
AD  - Institute of Laboratory Animals, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 
      PR China.
FAU - Shi, Changzheng
AU  - Shi C
AD  - Medical Imaging Center, the First Attached Hospital of Jinan University, 
      Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China.
FAU - Fang, Meixia
AU  - Fang M
AD  - Institute of Laboratory Animals, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 
      PR China.
FAU - Song, Linliang
AU  - Song L
AD  - Institute of Laboratory Animals, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 
      PR China.
FAU - Zhang, Pu
AU  - Zhang P
AD  - Institute of Laboratory Animals, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 
      PR China.
FAU - Zhao, Yue
AU  - Zhao Y
AD  - Institute of Laboratory Animals, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 
      PR China.
FAU - Fu, Jiangnan
AU  - Fu J
AD  - Institute of Laboratory Animals, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 
      PR China.
FAU - Li, Shoujun
AU  - Li S
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 
      Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for the 
      Prevention and Control of Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong 
      Province, PR China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150601
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (NF-E2-Related Factor 2)
SB  - IM
MH  - Alcohol Drinking/*adverse effects
MH  - Animals
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Feasibility Studies
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
MH  - Liver/drug effects/metabolism/pathology/physiopathology
MH  - *Liver Diseases, Alcoholic/etiology/metabolism/pathology/physiopathology
MH  - Male
MH  - NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism
MH  - Oxidative Stress/drug effects
MH  - *Tupaiidae
PMC - PMC4451149
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2015/06/02 06:00
MHDA- 2016/04/14 06:00
PMCR- 2015/06/01
CRDT- 2015/06/02 06:00
PHST- 2014/12/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/04/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/06/02 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/06/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/04/14 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/06/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-14-50669 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0128253 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2015 Jun 1;10(6):e0128253. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128253. 
      eCollection 2015.