PMID- 26032407
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170214
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1533-2500 (Electronic)
IS  - 1530-7085 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 6
DP  - 2016 Jul
TI  - Local and Systemic Changes in Pain Sensitivity After 4 Weeks of Calf Muscle 
      Stretching in a Nonpainful Population: A Randomized Trial.
PG  - 696-703
LID - 10.1111/papr.12322 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Stretching is often used in clinical practice for a variety of 
      purposes, including pain therapy. The possible mechanism behind the effect of 
      stretching remains to be clarified. AIM: To investigate whether 4 weeks of 
      unilateral stretching of the calf muscles would affect local and central pain 
      sensitivity. METHOD: This study was a randomized assessor-blinded clinical study. 
      Healthy participants (age 18 to 40) were included and randomized. Participants in 
      the intervention group were instructed to perform 2 stretching exercises 
      targeting the calf muscles; 3 times 30 seconds, 7 days a week for 4 weeks on the 
      dominant leg. Participants in the control group were instructed not to do any 
      stretching for 4 weeks. Pressure pain threshold (PPT) and temporal summation (TS) 
      of pressure pain were measured on the stretched calf, the contra-lateral calf, 
      and contra-lateral lower arm using a computerized cuff algometer. Analyses of 
      variance on the per-protocol population (defined as participants that adhered to 
      the protocol) were used to assess group differences in the changes from baseline. 
      RESULT: Forty healthy volunteers were included, of which 34 participants adhered 
      to the protocol (15 intervention group/19 control group). No statistically 
      significant group differences in the changes from baseline were found regarding 
      PPT and TS measurements for the stretched calf, the contra-lateral calf, and the 
      arm. CONCLUSION: Four weeks of regular stretching of the calf muscles does not 
      affect pressure pain sensitivity, suggesting that pressure pain sensitivity is 
      unaffected by stretching in a healthy population. The mechanisms underlying any 
      benefits of regular stretching remain to be explained.
CI  - (c) 2015 World Institute of Pain.
FAU - Bartholdy, Cecilie
AU  - Bartholdy C
AD  - Department of Rheumatology, The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital, 
      Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.
FAU - Zangger, Graziella
AU  - Zangger G
AD  - Department of Rheumatology, The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital, 
      Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.
FAU - Hansen, Lisbeth
AU  - Hansen L
AD  - Department of Rheumatology, The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital, 
      Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.
FAU - Ginnerup-Nielsen, Elisabeth
AU  - Ginnerup-Nielsen E
AD  - Department of Rheumatology, The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital, 
      Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.
FAU - Bliddal, Henning
AU  - Bliddal H
AD  - Department of Rheumatology, The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital, 
      Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.
FAU - Henriksen, Marius
AU  - Henriksen M
AD  - Department of Rheumatology, The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital, 
      Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150528
PL  - United States
TA  - Pain Pract
JT  - Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain
JID - 101130835
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Female
MH  - Healthy Volunteers
MH  - Humans
MH  - Leg/physiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Muscle Stretching Exercises/*methods
MH  - Muscle, Skeletal/physiology
MH  - Pain Measurement
MH  - Pain Threshold/*physiology
MH  - Pressure
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - PPT
OT  - algometry
OT  - muscles stretching
OT  - musculoskeletal disease
OT  - pain assessment
OT  - pain sensitivity
OT  - physical therapy
OT  - pressure pain threshold
OT  - temporal summation
EDAT- 2015/06/03 06:00
MHDA- 2017/02/15 06:00
CRDT- 2015/06/03 06:00
PHST- 2015/02/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/04/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/06/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/06/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/02/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1111/papr.12322 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Pain Pract. 2016 Jul;16(6):696-703. doi: 10.1111/papr.12322. Epub 2015 May 28.