PMID- 26069716
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150613
LR  - 20200930
IS  - 1948-9358 (Print)
IS  - 1948-9358 (Electronic)
IS  - 1948-9358 (Linking)
VI  - 6
IP  - 5
DP  - 2015 Jun 10
TI  - Update on type 2 diabetes-related osteoporosis.
PG  - 673-8
LID - 10.4239/wjd.v6.i5.673 [doi]
AB  - It was previously understood that body weight gain and obesity observed in type 2 
      diabetes mellitus (T2DM) could be beneficial since body weight increase elevated 
      bone mineral density and thus helped maintain the skeletal framework. However, a 
      number of recent findings in humans and rodents have revealed that T2DM is not 
      only associated with trabecular defects but also increases cortical porosity, and 
      compromised bone cell function and bone mechanical properties. Hyperglycemia and 
      insulin resistance in T2DM may further induce osteoblast apoptosis and uncoupling 
      bone turnover. Prolonged accumulation of advanced glycation end products and 
      diminished activity of lysyl oxidase, an essential enzyme for collagen 
      cross-link, can lead to structural abnormalities of bone collagen fibrils, 
      brittle matrix, and fragility fractures. Our studies in T2DM rats showed that 
      dyslipidemia, which often occurs in T2DM, could obscure the T2DM-associated 
      changes in bone microstructure and osteopenia. Longitudinal bone growth regulated 
      by the growth plate chondrocytes is also impaired by T2DM since differentiation 
      of growth plate chondrocytes is arrested and retained in the resting state while 
      only a small number of cells undergo hypertrophic differentiation. Such a delayed 
      chondrocyte differentiation may have also resulted from premature apoptosis of 
      the growth plate chondrocytes. Nevertheless, the underlying cellular and 
      molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance in osteoblasts, osteoclasts, 
      osteocytes, and growth plate chondrocytes remain to be investigated.
FAU - Wongdee, Kannikar
AU  - Wongdee K
AD  - Kannikar Wongdee, Narattaphol Charoenphandhu, Center of Calcium and Bone Research 
      (COCAB), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
FAU - Charoenphandhu, Narattaphol
AU  - Charoenphandhu N
AD  - Kannikar Wongdee, Narattaphol Charoenphandhu, Center of Calcium and Bone Research 
      (COCAB), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - World J Diabetes
JT  - World journal of diabetes
JID - 101547524
PMC - PMC4458496
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Advanced glycation end products
OT  - Chondrocyte apoptosis
OT  - Collagen
OT  - Dyslipidemia
OT  - Fracture
OT  - Growth plate
OT  - Osteoporosis
OT  - Type 2 diabetes mellitus
EDAT- 2015/06/13 06:00
MHDA- 2015/06/13 06:01
PMCR- 2015/06/10
CRDT- 2015/06/13 06:00
PHST- 2015/01/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/02/12 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2015/03/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/06/13 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/06/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/06/13 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2015/06/10 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.4239/wjd.v6.i5.673 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - World J Diabetes. 2015 Jun 10;6(5):673-8. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v6.i5.673.