PMID- 26094886 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20161011 LR - 20161230 IS - 1522-2586 (Electronic) IS - 1053-1807 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 1 DP - 2016 Jan TI - Spatial working memory impairment in primary onset middle-age type 2 diabetes mellitus: An ethology and BOLD-fMRI study. PG - 75-87 LID - 10.1002/jmri.24967 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: To explore mild cognitive dysfunction and/or spatial working memory impairment in patients with primary onset middle-age type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM] using ethology (behavior tests) and blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen primary onset T2DM patients and 18 matched subjects with normal blood glucose levels were all tested using the Montreal cognitive assessment scale test, the Wechsler Memory Scale Chinese-revised test, and scanned using BOLD-fMRI (1.5T, EPI sequence) while performing the n-back task to find the activation intensity of some cognition-related areas. RESULTS: The ethology results showed that T2DM patients had a mild cognitive impairment and memory dysfunction (P < 0.05). The fMRI scan identified a neural network consisting of bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), bilateral premotor area (PreMA), bilateral parietal lobe (PA), and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) / supplementary motor area (SMA) that was activated during the n-back task, with right hemisphere dominance. However, only the right PA and ACC/SMA showed a load effect via quantitative analysis in the T2DM group; the activation intensity of most working memory-related brain areas for the T2DM group were lower than for the control group under three memory loads. Furthermore, we found that the activation intensity of some cognition-related areas, including the right insular lobe, left caudate nucleus, and bilateral hippocampus/parahippocampal gyrus were lower than the control group under the memory loads. CONCLUSION: Diabetes-related brain damage of primary onset middle-age T2DM patients with right DLPFC-posterior parietal lobe and parahippocampal gyrus default network causes impairment of spatial working memory and mild cognitive dysfunction. CI - (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. FAU - Huang, Ran-Ran AU - Huang RR AD - Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, PR China. AD - Department of Radiology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong Province, PR China. AD - Guang Dong Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, Shantou, PR China. FAU - Jia, Bao-Hui AU - Jia BH AD - Guang Anmen Hospital, China Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. FAU - Xie, Lei AU - Xie L AD - Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, PR China. AD - Guang Dong Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, Shantou, PR China. FAU - Ma, Shu-Hua AU - Ma SH AD - Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, PR China. AD - Guang Dong Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, Shantou, PR China. FAU - Yin, Jing-Jing AU - Yin JJ AD - Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, PR China. AD - Guang Dong Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, Shantou, PR China. FAU - Sun, Zong-Bo AU - Sun ZB AD - Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, PR China. AD - Guang Dong Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, Shantou, PR China. FAU - Le, Hong-Bo AU - Le HB AD - Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, PR China. AD - Guang Dong Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, Shantou, PR China. FAU - Xu, Wen-Can AU - Xu WC AD - Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, PR China. FAU - Huang, Jin-Zhuang AU - Huang JZ AD - Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, PR China. AD - Guang Dong Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, Shantou, PR China. FAU - Luo, Dong-Xue AU - Luo DX AD - Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, PR China. AD - Guang Dong Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, Shantou, PR China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20150611 PL - United States TA - J Magn Reson Imaging JT - Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI JID - 9105850 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Brain Mapping/methods MH - Cognition Disorders/*diagnosis/etiology/*physiopathology MH - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications/diagnosis/*physiopathology MH - Female MH - Hippocampus/*physiopathology MH - Humans MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods MH - Male MH - Memory Disorders/diagnosis/etiology/*physiopathology MH - Memory, Short-Term MH - Middle Aged MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Sensitivity and Specificity OTO - NOTNLM OT - cognitive function OT - diabetes mellitus OT - functional magnetic resonance imaging OT - spatial working memory EDAT- 2015/06/23 06:00 MHDA- 2016/10/12 06:00 CRDT- 2015/06/23 06:00 PHST- 2015/03/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2015/05/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2015/05/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2015/06/23 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/06/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/10/12 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1002/jmri.24967 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Magn Reson Imaging. 2016 Jan;43(1):75-87. doi: 10.1002/jmri.24967. Epub 2015 Jun 11.