PMID- 26130286 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20160614 LR - 20181202 IS - 1432-5195 (Electronic) IS - 0341-2695 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 11 DP - 2015 Nov TI - Microsurgical anatomy of the extra-articular segment of middle genicular artery. PG - 2109-15 LID - 10.1007/s00264-015-2843-2 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Knowledge of the incompletely studied microsurgical anatomy of the extracapsular part of the middle genicular artery (MGA) could imply an educational value and clinical significance because of the possible risk of injury during knee surgery. METHODS: Thirty formol-fixed cadaveric lower limbs in full extension were dissected and used for the measurements of MGA parameters. A second group of measurements was performed on distal ends of 30 adult femurs. Two fresh injected cadaveric lower limbs were explored by means of multidetector computed tomographic angiography (MDCTA). RESULTS: The MGA originated from the popliteal artery (PA), facing the lateral half of the intercondylar fossa in 16 (53.4 %) specimens, together with the superior lateral genicular artery (SLGA) in ten (33.3 %) cases, or from the same point of origin with SLGA and superior medial genicular artery (SMGA) in 4 (13.3 %) cases. The MGA averaged 15.6 mm in length and 1.8 mm in the outer diameter. After its curved direction the MGA entered the posterior capsule. The average distances of the point of MGA entrance into the joint capsule were as follows: to the lateral femoral epicondyle it was 34.88 mm, to the medial femoral epicondyle 46.38 mm, 5.74 mm lateral to the posterior midline, with an average vertical distance to the femoral subcondylar plane of 28.73 mm. CONCLUSION: This detailed anatomical examination with measurements of the extracapsular part of a MGA could be of clinical importance and useful in knee surgery for the prevention of vascular injury of MGA and PA, as well as in radiological examination of the knee region. FAU - Blagojevic, Zoran AU - Blagojevic Z AD - Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Orthopaedic Surgery "Banjica", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia. FAU - Vukomanovic, Boris AU - Vukomanovic B AD - Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Orthopaedic Surgery "Banjica", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia. FAU - Kadija, Marko AU - Kadija M AD - Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Clinical Center of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia. FAU - Stevanovic, Vladan AU - Stevanovic V AD - Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Orthopaedic Surgery "Banjica", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia. FAU - Manojlovic, Radovan AU - Manojlovic R AD - Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Clinical Center of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia. FAU - Dzinovic, Danica AU - Dzinovic D AD - Faculty of Teacher Education, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia. FAU - Nikolic, Valentina AU - Nikolic V AD - Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory for Vascular Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 4/2, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia. FAU - Stimec, Bojan V AU - Stimec BV AD - Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, Anatomy Sector, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. FAU - Milisavljevic, Milan AU - Milisavljevic M AD - Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory for Vascular Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 4/2, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia. milmili@eunet.rs. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20150702 PL - Germany TA - Int Orthop JT - International orthopaedics JID - 7705431 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Angiography MH - Cadaver MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Knee Joint/*blood supply/surgery MH - Male MH - Microsurgery MH - Multidetector Computed Tomography MH - Popliteal Artery/*anatomy & histology/surgery MH - Vascular System Injuries/*etiology/prevention & control OTO - NOTNLM OT - Arterial position OT - Interepicondylar distance OT - Middle genicular artery OT - Popliteal artery EDAT- 2015/07/02 06:00 MHDA- 2016/06/15 06:00 CRDT- 2015/07/02 06:00 PHST- 2015/05/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2015/05/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2015/07/02 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/07/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/06/15 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1007/s00264-015-2843-2 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00264-015-2843-2 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int Orthop. 2015 Nov;39(11):2109-15. doi: 10.1007/s00264-015-2843-2. Epub 2015 Jul 2.