PMID- 26136904
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20201001
IS  - 1792-0981 (Print)
IS  - 1792-1015 (Electronic)
IS  - 1792-0981 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 5
DP  - 2015 May
TI  - Afatinib inhibits proliferation and invasion and promotes apoptosis of the T24 
      bladder cancer cell line.
PG  - 1851-1856
AB  - Afatinib is a highly selective, irreversible inhibitor of the epidermal growth 
      factor receptor (EGFR) and human EGFR 2 (HER-2). Although preclinical and 
      clinical studies have indicated that afatinib has antitumor activity and clinical 
      efficacy in non-small cell lung carcinoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma 
      and breast cancer, there are few studies investigating its inhibitory effect on 
      human bladder carcinoma cells. In this study, the antitumor effect of afatinib 
      was investigated on the T24 bladder cancer cell line. The T24 bladder cancer cell 
      line was treated with afatinib at various concentrations (0, 1, 5, 10 and 20 
      micromol/l). MTT assay was used to estimate the proliferation of the T24 cells; flow 
      cytometric analysis was used to estimate the effect of afatinib on T24 cell 
      apoptosis; cell invasion ability was assessed by a Transwell invasion assay; and 
      western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, Akt, 
      extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 
      and MMP-9. The MTT assay demonstrated that afatinib inhibited the proliferation 
      of T24 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometric analysis 
      revealed that the cell apoptosis rate increased as the concentration of afatinib 
      increased. The cell invasion assay indicated that afatinib treatment 
      significantly inhibited the invasive behavior of T24 cells in a dose-dependent 
      manner. Western blot analysis showed that with increasing afatinib 
      concentrations, Bcl-2, phosphorylated (p)-ERK1/2, p-Akt, MMP-2 and MMP-9 
      expression levels were significantly decreased, whereas total (t)-ERK1/2 and 
      t-Akt expression levels remained basically unchanged, and Bax expression levels 
      were greatly increased. The results indicate that afatinib inhibits the 
      proliferation and invasion of T24 cells in vitro and induces the apoptosis of 
      these cells by inhibiting the EGFR signaling network.
FAU - Tang, Yunhua
AU  - Tang Y
AD  - Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 
      Hunan 410008, P.R. China.
FAU - Zhang, Xiangyang
AU  - Zhang X
AD  - Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 
      Hunan 410008, P.R. China.
FAU - Qi, Fan
AU  - Qi F
AD  - Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 
      Hunan 410008, P.R. China.
FAU - Chen, Mingfeng
AU  - Chen M
AD  - Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 
      Hunan 410008, P.R. China.
FAU - Li, Yuan
AU  - Li Y
AD  - Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 
      Hunan 410008, P.R. China.
FAU - Liu, Longfei
AU  - Liu L
AD  - Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 
      Hunan 410008, P.R. China.
FAU - He, Wei
AU  - He W
AD  - Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 
      Hunan 410008, P.R. China.
FAU - Li, Zhuo
AU  - Li Z
AD  - Department of Urology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 
      410008, P.R. China.
FAU - Zu, Xiongbing
AU  - Zu X
AD  - Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 
      Hunan 410008, P.R. China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20150225
PL  - Greece
TA  - Exp Ther Med
JT  - Experimental and therapeutic medicine
JID - 101531947
PMC - PMC4471702
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - afatinib
OT  - apoptosis
OT  - bladder cancer
OT  - invasion
OT  - proliferation
EDAT- 2015/07/03 06:00
MHDA- 2015/07/03 06:01
PMCR- 2015/02/25
CRDT- 2015/07/03 06:00
PHST- 2014/07/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/01/30 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/07/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/07/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/07/03 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2015/02/25 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ETM-0-0-2314 [pii]
AID - 10.3892/etm.2015.2314 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Exp Ther Med. 2015 May;9(5):1851-1856. doi: 10.3892/etm.2015.2314. Epub 2015 Feb 
      25.