PMID- 26152748
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160125
LR  - 20151017
IS  - 1531-4995 (Electronic)
IS  - 0023-852X (Linking)
VI  - 125
IP  - 11
DP  - 2015 Nov
TI  - Mycobacterial cervicofacial lymphadenitis in human immunodeficiency 
      virus-infected individuals after antiretroviral therapy initiation.
PG  - 2498-502
LID - 10.1002/lary.25470 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Mycobacterial infections are the leading cause of 
      morbidity and mortality among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected 
      individuals worldwide. Cervical lymph nodes are the most frequently affected 
      extrapulmonary sites. Despite the substantial reduction in complications of 
      HIV-tuberculosis coinfection, a proportion of individuals develop immune 
      reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), a term used for a clinical 
      deterioration following initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). The objective 
      of this study was to describe mycobacterial-associated IRIS in cervical lymph 
      nodes of HIV-infected individuals receiving ART. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective 
      cohort study, set in a tertiary referral center in Mexico City. METHODS: We 
      included ART-naive subjects who had at least one follow-up ear, nose, and throat 
      examination, and were diagnosed with lymph node mycobacterial infection before or 
      during the first 3 months of ART initiation. Mycobacterial-associated IRIS in 
      cervical lymph nodes was determined retrospectively through clinical case 
      definition and medical chart review. RESULTS: Thirty-three subjects who initiated 
      ART were diagnosed with cervical lymph node mycobacteriosis; 24 had Mycobacterium 
      tuberculosis infection and nine had nontuberculous disease. CONCLUSIONS: M. 
      tuberculosis was the most common pathogen isolated from cervical lymph nodes. The 
      only factor associated with IRIS was infection with a nontuberculous 
      mycobacteria. The unexpectedly high incidence of mycobacterial-associated IRIS 
      underlines the relevance of head and neck examination before ART initiation. 
      LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4.
CI  - (c) 2015 The American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, Inc.
FAU - Ablanedo-Terrazas, Yuria
AU  - Ablanedo-Terrazas Y
AD  - Infectious Diseases Research Center, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, 
      Mexico City, Mexico.
FAU - Alvarado-de la Barrera, Claudia
AU  - Alvarado-de la Barrera C
AD  - Infectious Diseases Research Center, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, 
      Mexico City, Mexico.
FAU - Ruiz-Cruz, Matilde
AU  - Ruiz-Cruz M
AD  - Infectious Diseases Research Center, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, 
      Mexico City, Mexico.
FAU - Reyes-Teran, Gustavo
AU  - Reyes-Teran G
AD  - Infectious Diseases Research Center, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, 
      Mexico City, Mexico.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150707
PL  - United States
TA  - Laryngoscope
JT  - The Laryngoscope
JID - 8607378
SB  - IM
MH  - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*drug therapy
MH  - Adult
MH  - Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/*adverse effects
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome/*etiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Neck
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - Tuberculosis, Lymph Node/*etiology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Human immunodeficiency virus
OT  - cervical lymphadenitis
OT  - immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
OT  - lymph node tuberculosis
OT  - nontuberculous lymphadenitis
EDAT- 2015/07/15 06:00
MHDA- 2016/01/26 06:00
CRDT- 2015/07/09 06:00
PHST- 2015/04/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/06/01 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2015/06/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/07/09 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/07/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/01/26 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1002/lary.25470 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Laryngoscope. 2015 Nov;125(11):2498-502. doi: 10.1002/lary.25470. Epub 2015 Jul 
      7.