PMID- 26154615 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20151023 LR - 20220321 IS - 1520-6025 (Electronic) IS - 0163-3864 (Linking) VI - 78 IP - 7 DP - 2015 Jul 24 TI - The Mechanism of Ca(2+) Movement in the Involvement of Baicalein-Induced Cytotoxicity in ZR-75-1 Human Breast Cancer Cells. PG - 1624-34 LID - 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00173 [doi] AB - Baicalein (5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone) (1) has been found to be active against a wide variety of cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the effects of 1 on the induction of Ca(2+) movement and cytotoxicity in human breast cancer cells is unknown. This study examined the relationship between 1-induced Ca(2+) signaling and cytotoxicity in ZR-75-1 human breast cancer cells. The in vitro investigations reported herein produced the following results: (i) Compound 1 increased intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) in a concentration-dependent manner. The signal was decreased by approximately 50% by removal of extracellular Ca(2+). (ii) Compound 1-triggered [Ca(2+)]i increases were significantly suppressed by store-operated Ca(2+) channel blockers 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) and the PKC inhibitor GF109203X. (iii) In Ca(2+)-free medium, compound 1-induced [Ca(2+)]i increases were also inhibited by GF109203X. Furthermore, pretreatment with the endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) pump inhibitor thapsigargin (TG) or 2,5-ditert-butylhydroquinone (BHQ) abolished 1-induced [Ca(2+)]i increases. Inhibition of phospholipase C (PLC) with U73122 abolished 1-induced [Ca(2+)]i increases. (iv) Compound 1 (20-40 muM) caused cytotoxicity, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and activated caspase-9/caspase-3. Furthermore, compound 1-induced apoptosis was significantly inhibited by prechelating cytosolic Ca(2+) with BAPTA-AM (1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester) or by decreasing ROS with the antioxidant NAC (N-acetylcysteine). Together, baicalein (1) induced a [Ca(2+)]i increase by inducing PLC-dependent Ca(2+) release from the endoplasmic reticulum and Ca(2+) entry via PKC-dependent, 2-APB-sensitive store-operated Ca(2+) channels. Moreover, baicalein (1) induced Ca(2+)-associated apoptosis involved ROS production in ZR-75-1 cells. FAU - Chang, Hong-Tai AU - Chang HT AD - daggerDepartment of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan, Republic of China. FAU - Chou, Chiang-Ting AU - Chou CT AD - double daggerDepartment of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chia-Yi 613, Taiwan, Republic of China. AD - section signChronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chia-Yi 613, Taiwan, Republic of China. FAU - Kuo, Daih-Huang AU - Kuo DH AD - perpendicularDepartment of Pharmacy, Tajen University, Pingtung 907, Taiwan, Republic of China. FAU - Shieh, Pochuen AU - Shieh P AD - perpendicularDepartment of Pharmacy, Tajen University, Pingtung 907, Taiwan, Republic of China. FAU - Jan, Chung-Ren AU - Jan CR AD - parallelDepartment of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, 386 Ta-Chung 1st Road, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan, Republic of China. FAU - Liang, Wei-Zhe AU - Liang WZ AD - parallelDepartment of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, 386 Ta-Chung 1st Road, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan, Republic of China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20150708 PL - United States TA - J Nat Prod JT - Journal of natural products JID - 7906882 RN - 0 (Boron Compounds) RN - 0 (Flavanones) RN - 0 (Indoles) RN - 0 (Maleimides) RN - 0 (Reactive Oxygen Species) RN - 139890-68-9 (1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester) RN - 49QAH60606 (baicalein) RN - 526U7A2651 (Egtazic Acid) RN - 67526-95-8 (Thapsigargin) RN - E4ES684O93 (2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate) RN - EC 3.1.4.- (Type C Phospholipases) RN - EC 3.4.22.- (Caspase 3) RN - EC 3.4.22.- (Caspase 9) RN - K22DDW77C0 (1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid) RN - L79H6N0V6C (bisindolylmaleimide I) RN - SY7Q814VUP (Calcium) RN - WYQ7N0BPYC (Acetylcysteine) SB - IM MH - Acetylcysteine/pharmacology MH - Animals MH - Apoptosis/drug effects MH - Boron Compounds MH - Breast Neoplasms MH - Calcium/*metabolism MH - Caspase 3/metabolism MH - Caspase 9 MH - Cytosol/metabolism MH - Egtazic Acid/analogs & derivatives MH - Endoplasmic Reticulum/drug effects MH - Female MH - Flavanones/*pharmacology MH - Humans MH - Indoles MH - Maleimides MH - Molecular Structure MH - Reactive Oxygen Species/pharmacology MH - Thapsigargin/pharmacology MH - Type C Phospholipases EDAT- 2015/07/15 06:00 MHDA- 2015/10/24 06:00 CRDT- 2015/07/09 06:00 PHST- 2015/07/09 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/07/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2015/10/24 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00173 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Nat Prod. 2015 Jul 24;78(7):1624-34. doi: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00173. Epub 2015 Jul 8.