PMID- 26168259
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160502
LR  - 20240326
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 7
DP  - 2015
TI  - A Rapid and Sensitive Assay for the Detection of Benzylpenicillin (PenG) in Milk.
PG  - e0132396
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0132396 [doi]
LID - e0132396
AB  - Antibiotics, such as benzyl-penicillin (PenG) and cephalosporin, are the most 
      common compounds used in animal therapy. Their massive and illegal use in animal 
      therapy and prophylaxis inevitably causes the presence of traces in foods of 
      animal origin (milk and meat), which creates several problems for human health. 
      With the aim to prevent the negative impact of beta-lactam and, in particular, PenG 
      residues present in the milk on customer health, many countries have established 
      maximum residue limits (MRLs). To cope with this problem here, we propose an 
      effective alternative, compared to the analytical methods actually employed, to 
      quantify the presence of penicillin G using the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) 
      method. In particular, the PenG molecule was conjugated to a protein carrier to 
      immunize a rabbit and produce polyclonal antibodies (anti-PenG). The produced 
      antibodies were used as molecular recognition elements for the design of a 
      competitive immune-assay for the detection of PenG by SPR experiments. The 
      detection limit of the developed assay was found to be 8.0 pM, a value much lower 
      than the MRL of the EU regulation limit that is fixed at 12 nM. Thus, our results 
      clearly show that this system could be successfully suitable for the accurate and 
      easy determination of PenG.
FAU - Pennacchio, Anna
AU  - Pennacchio A
AD  - Laboratory for Molecular Sensing, IBP-CNR, Naples, Italy.
FAU - Varriale, Antonio
AU  - Varriale A
AD  - Laboratory for Molecular Sensing, IBP-CNR, Naples, Italy; Institute of Food 
      Science, ISA- CNR, Avellino, Italy.
FAU - Esposito, Maria Grazia
AU  - Esposito MG
AD  - Laboratory for Molecular Sensing, IBP-CNR, Naples, Italy.
FAU - Scala, Andrea
AU  - Scala A
AD  - Laboratory for Molecular Sensing, IBP-CNR, Naples, Italy; Institute of Food 
      Science, ISA- CNR, Avellino, Italy.
FAU - Marzullo, Vincenzo Manuel
AU  - Marzullo VM
AD  - Laboratory for Molecular Sensing, IBP-CNR, Naples, Italy.
FAU - Staiano, Maria
AU  - Staiano M
AD  - Laboratory for Molecular Sensing, IBP-CNR, Naples, Italy; Institute of Food 
      Science, ISA- CNR, Avellino, Italy.
FAU - D'Auria, Sabato
AU  - D'Auria S
AD  - Institute of Food Science, ISA- CNR, Avellino, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150713
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
RN  - 0 (Antibodies)
RN  - Q42T66VG0C (Penicillin G)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Anti-Bacterial Agents/*analysis
MH  - Antibodies/immunology/isolation & purification
MH  - Chromatography, Affinity
MH  - Drug Residues/analysis
MH  - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
MH  - Limit of Detection
MH  - Milk/*chemistry
MH  - Penicillin G/*analysis/immunology
MH  - Surface Plasmon Resonance/methods
PMC - PMC4500387
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2015/07/15 06:00
MHDA- 2016/05/03 06:00
PMCR- 2015/07/13
CRDT- 2015/07/14 06:00
PHST- 2015/02/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/06/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/07/14 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/07/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/05/03 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/07/13 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-15-05041 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0132396 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2015 Jul 13;10(7):e0132396. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132396. 
      eCollection 2015.