PMID- 26172211 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20161013 LR - 20191210 IS - 1751-7370 (Electronic) IS - 1751-7362 (Print) IS - 1751-7362 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 2 DP - 2016 Feb TI - Linking metabolite production to taxonomic identity in environmental samples by (MA)LDI-FISH. PG - 527-31 LID - 10.1038/ismej.2015.122 [doi] AB - One of the greatest challenges in microbial ecology remains to link the metabolic activity of individual cells to their taxonomic identity and localization within environmental samples. Here we combined mass-spectrometric imaging (MSI) through (matrix-assisted) laser desorption ionization time-of-flight MSI ([MA]LDI-TOF/MSI) with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to monitor antibiotic production in the defensive symbiosis between beewolf wasps and 'Streptomyces philanthi' bacteria. Our results reveal similar distributions of the different symbiont-produced antibiotics across the surface of beewolf cocoons, which colocalize with the producing cell populations. Whereas FISH achieves single-cell resolution, MSI is currently limited to a step size of 20-50 mum in the combined approach because of the destructive effects of high laser intensities that are associated with tighter laser beam focus at higher lateral resolution. However, on the basis of the applicability of (MA)LDI-MSI to a broad range of small molecules, its combination with FISH provides a powerful tool for studying microbial interactions in situ, and further modifications of this technique could allow for linking metabolic profiling to gene expression. FAU - Kaltenpoth, Martin AU - Kaltenpoth M AD - Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Research Group Insect Symbiosis, Hans-Knoll-Strasse 8, Jena, Germany. FAU - Strupat, Kerstin AU - Strupat K AD - Life Science Mass Spectrometry, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Hanna-Kunath-Strasse 11, Bremen, Germany. FAU - Svatos, Ales AU - Svatos A AD - Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Research Group Mass Spectrometry, Hans-Knoll-Strasse 8, Jena, Germany. LA - eng PT - Evaluation Study PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20150714 PL - England TA - ISME J JT - The ISME journal JID - 101301086 RN - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry/metabolism MH - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/*methods MH - Mass Spectrometry/*methods MH - Metabolomics/*methods MH - Streptomyces/chemistry/classification/*isolation & purification/*metabolism MH - *Symbiosis MH - Wasps/*microbiology/physiology PMC - PMC4737932 EDAT- 2015/07/15 06:00 MHDA- 2016/10/14 06:00 PMCR- 2017/02/01 CRDT- 2015/07/15 06:00 PHST- 2015/02/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2015/05/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2015/06/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2015/07/15 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/07/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/10/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ismej2015122 [pii] AID - 10.1038/ismej.2015.122 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - ISME J. 2016 Feb;10(2):527-31. doi: 10.1038/ismej.2015.122. Epub 2015 Jul 14.