PMID- 26176291 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20160216 LR - 20181113 IS - 1349-7006 (Electronic) IS - 1347-9032 (Print) IS - 1347-9032 (Linking) VI - 106 IP - 10 DP - 2015 Oct TI - Histidine-rich calcium binding protein promotes growth of hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. PG - 1288-95 LID - 10.1111/cas.12743 [doi] AB - We have recently shown that the histidine-rich calcium binding protein (HRC) promotes the invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the current study, we evaluated whether HRC may also affect the growth of HCC. We found that ectopic expression of HRC obviously enhanced proliferation and colony formation, while suppression of HRC exhibited inhibitory effects. Furthermore, we demonstrated that HRC promoted tumor growth in nude mice. These effects may result from the ability of HRC to upregulate cyclinD1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) expressions and promote G1/S transition. Further study showed that MEK/ERK signaling pathway was involved in HRC-induced cell proliferation. Interestingly, overexpression or depletion of HRC revealed its regulation on endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and apoptosis, which was partially dependent on PERK/ATF4/CHOP signaling pathway. In addition, blocking ERS using 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) not only downregulated the expression of PERK, ATF4 and CHOP, but also significantly decreased apoptosis induced by HRC silence, whereas ERS inducer thapsigargin (TG) exerted the opposite effects. Our study thus demonstrates a role of HRC in promoting HCC growth, besides its role in inducing HCC metastasis, and highlights HRC as a promising intervention target for HCC. CI - (c) 2015 The Authors. Cancer Science published by Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd on behalf of Japanese Cancer Association. FAU - Liu, Jingmei AU - Liu J AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Han, Ping AU - Han P AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Li, Mengke AU - Li M AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Yan, Wei AU - Yan W AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Liu, Jiqiao AU - Liu J AD - Department of Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - He, Jiayi AU - He J AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Gong, Jin AU - Gong J AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Wang, Yunwu AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Tian, Dean AU - Tian D AD - Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20150813 PL - England TA - Cancer Sci JT - Cancer science JID - 101168776 RN - 0 (ATF4 protein, human) RN - 0 (Calcium-Binding Proteins) RN - 0 (DDIT3 protein, human) RN - 0 (Phenylbutyrates) RN - 0 (RNA, Small Interfering) RN - 139135-52-7 (HRC protein, human) RN - 145891-90-3 (Activating Transcription Factor 4) RN - 147336-12-7 (Transcription Factor CHOP) RN - 67526-95-8 (Thapsigargin) RN - 7WY7YBI87E (4-phenylbutyric acid) RN - EC 2.7.11.1 (EIF2AK3 protein, human) RN - EC 2.7.11.1 (eIF-2 Kinase) RN - EC 3.4.22.- (Caspase 3) SB - IM MH - Activating Transcription Factor 4/metabolism MH - Animals MH - Apoptosis/drug effects/*physiology MH - Calcium-Binding Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics/*metabolism MH - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/*pathology MH - Caspase 3/metabolism MH - Cell Proliferation MH - Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress/drug effects/*physiology MH - G1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints/genetics MH - Humans MH - Liver Neoplasms/*pathology MH - MAP Kinase Signaling System MH - Male MH - Mice MH - Mice, Inbred BALB C MH - Mice, Nude MH - Neoplasm Transplantation MH - Phenylbutyrates/pharmacology MH - RNA Interference MH - RNA, Small Interfering MH - Thapsigargin/pharmacology MH - Transcription Factor CHOP/metabolism MH - Transplantation, Heterologous MH - eIF-2 Kinase/metabolism PMC - PMC4638025 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Apoptosis OT - endoplasmic reticulum stress OT - hepatocellular carcinoma OT - histidine-rich calcium binding protein OT - proliferation EDAT- 2015/07/16 06:00 MHDA- 2016/02/18 06:00 PMCR- 2015/10/01 CRDT- 2015/07/16 06:00 PHST- 2015/04/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2015/07/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2015/07/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2015/07/16 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/07/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/02/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2015/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1111/cas.12743 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cancer Sci. 2015 Oct;106(10):1288-95. doi: 10.1111/cas.12743. Epub 2015 Aug 13.