PMID- 26197849 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20160202 LR - 20240426 IS - 1432-0851 (Electronic) IS - 0340-7004 (Print) IS - 0340-7004 (Linking) VI - 64 IP - 11 DP - 2015 Nov TI - Cytokine-enhanced maturation and migration to the lymph nodes of a human dying melanoma cell-loaded dendritic cell vaccine. PG - 1393-406 LID - 10.1007/s00262-015-1743-z [doi] AB - Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional APCs used for the development of cancer vaccines because of their ability to activate adaptive immune responses. Previously, we designed the DC/Apo-Nec vaccine using human DCs loaded with dying melanoma cells that primed Ag-specific cytotoxic T cells. Here, we evaluate the effect of a standard pro-inflammatory cytokine cocktail (CC) and adjuvants on DC/Apo-Nec maturation and migration. CC addition to the vaccine coculture allowed efficient Ag uptake while attaining strong vaccine maturation with an immunostimulatory profile. The use of CC not only increased CCR7 expression and the vaccine chemokine responsiveness but also upregulated matrix metalloproteinase-9 secretion, which regulated its invasive migration in vitro. Neither IL-6 nor prostaglandin E2 had a negative effect on vaccine preparation. In fact, all CC components were necessary for complete vaccine maturation. Subcutaneously injected DC/Apo-Nec vaccine migrated rapidly to draining LNs in nude mice, accumulating regionally after 48 h. The migrating cells of the CC-matured vaccine augmented in proportion and range of distribution, an effect that increased further with the topical administration of imiquimod cream. The migrating proportion of human DCs was detected in draining LNs for at least 9 days after injection. The addition of CC during DC/Apo-Nec preparation enhanced vaccine performance by improving maturation and response to LN signals and by conferring a motile and invasive vaccine phenotype both in vitro and in vivo. More importantly, the vaccine could be combined with different adjuvants. Therefore, this DC-based vaccine design shows great potential value for clinical translation. FAU - Pizzurro, Gabriela A AU - Pizzurro GA AD - Centro de Investigaciones Oncologicas - Fundacion Cancer (FUCA), Cramer 1180, CP 1426, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Tapia, Ivana J AU - Tapia IJ AD - Centro de Investigaciones Oncologicas - Fundacion Cancer (FUCA), Cramer 1180, CP 1426, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Sganga, Leonardo AU - Sganga L AD - Laboratorio de Terapia Molecular y Celular, Fundacion Instituto Leloir - Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Podhajcer, Osvaldo L AU - Podhajcer OL AD - Laboratorio de Terapia Molecular y Celular, Fundacion Instituto Leloir - Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Mordoh, Jose AU - Mordoh J AD - Centro de Investigaciones Oncologicas - Fundacion Cancer (FUCA), Cramer 1180, CP 1426, Buenos Aires, Argentina. AD - Laboratorio de Cancerologia, Fundacion Instituto Leloir - Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina. AD - Instituto Alexander Fleming, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Barrio, Maria M AU - Barrio MM AD - Centro de Investigaciones Oncologicas - Fundacion Cancer (FUCA), Cramer 1180, CP 1426, Buenos Aires, Argentina. barrio.marcela@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20150722 PL - Germany TA - Cancer Immunol Immunother JT - Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII JID - 8605732 RN - 0 (Aminoquinolines) RN - 0 (Cancer Vaccines) RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - EC 3.4.24.35 (Matrix Metalloproteinase 9) RN - P1QW714R7M (Imiquimod) SB - IM MH - Aminoquinolines/pharmacology MH - Animals MH - Cancer Vaccines/*immunology MH - Cell Movement MH - Chemotaxis MH - Cytokines/*physiology MH - Dendritic Cells/*immunology MH - Humans MH - Imiquimod MH - Lymph Nodes/*immunology MH - Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/metabolism MH - Melanoma/*immunology/pathology MH - Mice MH - Mice, Nude MH - Neoplasm Invasiveness MH - T-Lymphocytes/immunology PMC - PMC11028647 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cell migration OT - Dendritic cell vaccine OT - Imiquimod cream OT - Lymph node homing OT - Melanoma OT - Standard cytokine cocktail COIS- The authors declare that they have no commercial or financial conflict of interest. EDAT- 2015/07/23 06:00 MHDA- 2016/02/03 06:00 PMCR- 2015/07/22 CRDT- 2015/07/23 06:00 PHST- 2014/09/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2015/07/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2015/07/23 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/07/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/02/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2015/07/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s00262-015-1743-z [pii] AID - 1743 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00262-015-1743-z [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2015 Nov;64(11):1393-406. doi: 10.1007/s00262-015-1743-z. Epub 2015 Jul 22.