PMID- 26240088
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170227
LR  - 20220331
IS  - 2169-5202 (Electronic)
IS  - 1550-0594 (Linking)
VI  - 47
IP  - 3
DP  - 2016 Jul
TI  - Are There Any Specific EEG Findings in Autoimmune Epilepsies?
PG  - 224-34
LID - 10.1177/1550059415595907 [doi]
AB  - This study evaluated the EEG findings of patients whose seizures were associated 
      with a possible autoimmune etiology. Our aim was to find clues to distinguish 
      patients with antineuronal antibodies (Ab) through EEG studies. We reviewed our 
      database and identified antineuronal Ab positive epilepsy patients with or 
      without autoimmune encephalitis. These patients had Abs to N-methyl-d-aspartate 
      receptor (NMDAR) (n = 5), glycine receptor (GLY-R) (n = 5), contactin-associated 
      protein-like 2 (CASPR-2) (n = 4), uncharacterized voltage-gated potassium channel 
      complex (VGKC) antigens (n = 2), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) (n = 2), Hu (n 
      = 1), and amphiphysin (n = 1). The control group consisted of 21 seronegative 
      epilepsy or encephalopathy patients with similar clinical features. EEG findings 
      were compared between the groups in a blindfolded design. We did not find any 
      significant difference in EEG findings between antineuronal Ab positive epilepsy 
      patients and seronegative control group. It was remarkable that four seropositive 
      but none of the seronegative patients presented with nonconvulsive status 
      epilepticus (NCSE) or focal motor status epilepticus. Continuous theta and delta 
      rhythms were observed in 5 (71%) seropositive patients with autoimmune 
      encephalitis and 2 (25%) seronegative patients. Eight (40 %) seropositive 
      patients showed a frontal intermittent rhythmic delta activity (FIRDA) pattern as 
      opposed to 5 (24%) seronegative patients. Two patients with NMDAR Ab positivity 
      showed rhythmic delta waves superimposed with beta frequency activity resembling 
      "delta brush" pattern. EEG seems as a limited diagnostic tool in differentiating 
      epilepsy and/or encephalopathy patients with a possible autoimmune etiology from 
      those without. However, antineuronal Abs associated with encephalitis should be 
      considered in the etiology of status epilepticus forms. A possible autoimmune 
      etiology for seizures may be considered in the presence of continuous slow waves, 
      FIRDA, and delta brush pattern in the EEG.
CI  - (c) EEG and Clinical Neuroscience Society (ECNS) 2015.
FAU - Baysal-Kirac, Leyla
AU  - Baysal-Kirac L
AD  - Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Istanbul Faculty of 
      Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey baysalleyla@gmail.com.
FAU - Tuzun, Erdem
AU  - Tuzun E
AD  - Department of Neuroscience, Research Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul 
      University, Istanbul, Turkey.
FAU - Altindag, Ebru
AU  - Altindag E
AD  - Department of Neurology, Florence Nightingale Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
FAU - Ekizoglu, Esme
AU  - Ekizoglu E
AD  - Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Istanbul Faculty of 
      Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
FAU - Kinay, Demet
AU  - Kinay D
AD  - Department of Neurology, Okmeydani Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, 
      Turkey.
FAU - Bilgic, Basar
AU  - Bilgic B
AD  - Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Istanbul Faculty of 
      Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
FAU - Tekturk, Pinar
AU  - Tekturk P
AD  - Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Istanbul Faculty of 
      Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
FAU - Baykan, Betul
AU  - Baykan B
AD  - Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Istanbul Faculty of 
      Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20150802
PL  - United States
TA  - Clin EEG Neurosci
JT  - Clinical EEG and neuroscience
JID - 101213033
RN  - 0 (Autoantibodies)
RN  - Hashimoto's encephalitis
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Autoantibodies/*immunology
MH  - Brain/immunology
MH  - Diagnosis, Differential
MH  - Electroencephalography/*methods
MH  - Encephalitis/*diagnosis/*immunology
MH  - Epilepsy/*diagnostic imaging/*immunology
MH  - Female
MH  - Hashimoto Disease/*diagnosis/*immunology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - Sensitivity and Specificity
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - EEG
OT  - autoimmune epilepsy
OT  - limbic encephalitis
OT  - nonconvulsive status epilepticus
EDAT- 2015/08/05 06:00
MHDA- 2017/02/28 06:00
CRDT- 2015/08/05 06:00
PHST- 2015/03/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/06/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/08/05 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/08/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/02/28 06:00 [medline]
AID - 1550059415595907 [pii]
AID - 10.1177/1550059415595907 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Clin EEG Neurosci. 2016 Jul;47(3):224-34. doi: 10.1177/1550059415595907. Epub 
      2015 Aug 2.