PMID- 26252901
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160802
LR  - 20150924
IS  - 1791-3004 (Electronic)
IS  - 1791-2997 (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 4
DP  - 2015 Oct
TI  - Activation of protease‑activated receptor‑2 is associated with increased 
      expression of inflammatory factors in the adipose tissues of obese mice.
PG  - 6227-34
LID - 10.3892/mmr.2015.4179 [doi]
AB  - Previous studies have indicated that mast cells are critical for the pathogenesis 
      of inflammatory diseases. Proteases released from mast cells have been reported 
      to stimulate protease‑activated receptors (PAR), which induces microleakage and 
      widespread inflammation. In order to investigate the pro‑inflammatory effect of 
      PAR‑2 activation on adipose inflammation in obese mice, the varying distributions 
      of macrophages and PAR‑2 in adipose tissue samples were compared between C57BL/6J 
      (C57) and obese mice [B6(D)‑Leprdb/J, BKS(D)‑Leprdb/J and B6.V‑Lepob/J (ob/ob)] 
      using immunohistochemical staining. Murine primary adipocytes and bone 
      marrow‑derived macrophages (BMDMs) were used and the alterations in expression 
      levels of inflammatory factors, induced by PAR‑2 activation, were detected by 
      reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and ELISA. In 
      addition, the migratory capacity of primary BMDMs and the macrophage cell line, 
      RAW264.7 were evaluated by co‑culture with primary adipocytes. The current study 
      demonstrated a larger number of macrophages in the adipose tissues of obese mice 
      compared with C57 mice. Furthermore, PAR‑2 expression was detected in various 
      adipose tissues of mice and the protein expression levels of PAR‑2 were observed 
      to be significantly higher in the total adipose tissues of ob/ob mice when 
      compared with the C57 mice. The expression levels of inflammatory factors were 
      increased in adipocytes and macrophages, and enhanced migratory ability was 
      observed in macrophages pretreated with PAR‑2 agonists. The data of the current 
      study suggests that PAR‑2 is involved in the process of obesity‑associated 
      chronic low‑grade systemic inflammation, which indicates that the PAR‑2 signaling 
      pathway may be a potential target for the treatment of obesity and its associated 
      diseases.
FAU - Li, Mengmeng
AU  - Li M
AD  - Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 
      Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.
FAU - Yang, Xiaoming
AU  - Yang X
AD  - Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical 
      University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China.
FAU - Zhang, Yadong
AU  - Zhang Y
AD  - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Training Center of Medical Experiments, School 
      of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.
FAU - Chen, Liang
AU  - Chen L
AD  - Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 
      Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.
FAU - Lu, Hanyu
AU  - Lu H
AD  - Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 
      Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.
FAU - Li, Xiaobo
AU  - Li X
AD  - Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 
      Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.
FAU - Yin, Lianhua
AU  - Yin L
AD  - Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 
      Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.
FAU - Zhi, Xiuling
AU  - Zhi X
AD  - Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Training Center of Medical Experiments, School 
      of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150805
PL  - Greece
TA  - Mol Med Rep
JT  - Molecular medicine reports
JID - 101475259
RN  - 0 (Ccl2 protein, mouse)
RN  - 0 (Chemokine CCL2)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (Receptor, PAR-2)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adipocytes/metabolism
MH  - Adipose Tissue/*metabolism
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cell Movement
MH  - Chemokine CCL2/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Coculture Techniques
MH  - *Gene Expression Regulation
MH  - Inflammation/metabolism/*pathology
MH  - Macrophages/cytology/metabolism
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
MH  - Mice, Obese
MH  - Obesity/*metabolism/pathology
MH  - RAW 264.7 Cells
MH  - RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Receptor, PAR-2/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Up-Regulation
EDAT- 2015/08/08 06:00
MHDA- 2016/08/03 06:00
CRDT- 2015/08/08 06:00
PHST- 2014/10/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/07/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/08/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/08/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/08/03 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.3892/mmr.2015.4179 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Mol Med Rep. 2015 Oct;12(4):6227-34. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4179. Epub 2015 Aug 5.