PMID- 26252902
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160509
LR  - 20240129
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 8
DP  - 2015
TI  - Optical Coherence Tomography in Alzheimer's Disease: A Meta-Analysis.
PG  - e0134750
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0134750 [doi]
LID - e0134750
AB  - BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, which is 
      likely to start as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) several years before the its 
      full-blown clinical manifestation. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been 
      used to detect a loss in peripapillary retina nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and a 
      reduction in macular thickness and volume of people affected by MCI or AD. Here, 
      we performed an aggregate meta-analysis combining results from different studies. 
      METHODS AND FINDINGS: Data sources were case-control studies published between 
      January 2001 and August 2014 (identified through PubMed and Google Scholar 
      databases) that examined the RNFL thickness by means of OCT in AD and MCI 
      patients compared with cognitively healthy controls. RESULTS: 11 studies were 
      identified, including 380 patients with AD, 68 with MCI and 293 healthy controls 
      (HC). The studies suggest that the mean RNFL thickness is reduced in MCI 
      (weighted mean differences in mum, WMD = -13.39, 95% CI: -17.34 to -9.45, p = 
      0.031) and, even more so, in AD (WMD = -15.95, 95% CI: -21.65 to -10.21, 
      p<0.0001) patients compared to HC. RNFL in the 4 quadrants were all significantly 
      thinner in AD superior (superior WMD = -24.0, 95% CI: -34.9 to -13.1, p<0.0001; 
      inferior WMD = -20.8, 95% CI: -32.0 to -9.7, p<0.0001; nasal WMD = -14.7, 95% CI: 
      -23.9 to -5.5, p<0.0001; and temporal WMD = -10.7, 95% CI: -19.9 to -1.4, 
      p<0.0001); the same significant reduction in quadrant RNFL was observed in MCI 
      patients compared with HC (Inferior WMD = -20.22, 95% CI: -30.41 to -10.03, p = 
      0.0001; nasal WMD = -7.4, 95% CI: -10.08 to -4.7, p = 0.0000; and temporal WMD = 
      -6.88, 95% CI: -12.62 to -1.13, p = 0.01), with the exception of superior 
      quadrant (WMD = -19.45, 95% CI: -40.23 to 1.32, p = 0.06). CONCLUSION: Results 
      from the meta-analysis support the important role of OCT for RNFL analysis in 
      monitoring the progression of AD and in assessing the effectiveness of purported 
      AD treatments.
FAU - Coppola, Gianluca
AU  - Coppola G
AD  - G.B. Bietti Foundation-IRCCS, Department of Neurophysiology of Vision and 
      Neurophthalmology, Rome, Italy.
FAU - Di Renzo, Antonio
AU  - Di Renzo A
AD  - G.B. Bietti Foundation-IRCCS, Department of Neurophysiology of Vision and 
      Neurophthalmology, Rome, Italy.
FAU - Ziccardi, Lucia
AU  - Ziccardi L
AD  - G.B. Bietti Foundation-IRCCS, Department of Neurophysiology of Vision and 
      Neurophthalmology, Rome, Italy.
FAU - Martelli, Francesco
AU  - Martelli F
AD  - Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Dipartimento Tecnologie e Salute, Rome, Italy.
FAU - Fadda, Antonello
AU  - Fadda A
AD  - Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Dipartimento Tecnologie e Salute, Rome, Italy.
FAU - Manni, Gianluca
AU  - Manni G
AD  - Tor Vergata University of Rome, Department of Clinical Sciences and Translation 
      Medicine; Rome, Italy.
FAU - Barboni, Piero
AU  - Barboni P
AD  - IRCCS Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
FAU - Pierelli, Francesco
AU  - Pierelli F
AD  - Sapienza University of Rome Polo Pontino, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences 
      and Biotechnologies, Latina, Italy; IRCCS-Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy.
FAU - Sadun, Alfredo A
AU  - Sadun AA
AD  - Doheny Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 
      Los Angeles, California, United States of America.
FAU - Parisi, Vincenzo
AU  - Parisi V
AD  - G.B. Bietti Foundation-IRCCS, Department of Neurophysiology of Vision and 
      Neurophthalmology, Rome, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Meta-Analysis
DEP - 20150807
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - Alzheimer Disease/*diagnosis
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Demography
MH  - Humans
MH  - Publication Bias
MH  - Retina/pathology
MH  - Tomography, Optical Coherence/*methods
PMC - PMC4529274
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2015/08/08 06:00
MHDA- 2016/05/10 06:00
PMCR- 2015/08/07
CRDT- 2015/08/08 06:00
PHST- 2015/03/17 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/07/13 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/08/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/08/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/05/10 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/08/07 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-15-10536 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0134750 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2015 Aug 7;10(8):e0134750. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134750. 
      eCollection 2015.