PMID- 26260552
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160517
LR  - 20221207
IS  - 0125-9326 (Print)
IS  - 0125-9326 (Linking)
VI  - 47
IP  - 2
DP  - 2015 Apr
TI  - Safety and efficacy in early insulin initiation as comprehensive therapy for 
      patients with type 2 diabetes in primary health care centers.
PG  - 104-10
AB  - AIM: to analyze the safety and efficacy of early insulin initiation therapy for 
      patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in primary health care provided by 
      general practitioners (GPs) in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. METHODS: pre-post 
      study of ninety nine diabetic patients without previous insulin treatment with 
      HbA1c levels >8% were involved in this study. The study was conducted in 10 
      primary health care centers in Surabaya between October 2011 to June 2012. Each 
      patient received insulin therapy for 12 weeks. Laboratory examination was 
      performed for each patient including fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2 hours 
      post-prandial plasma glucose (2hPPG) and HbA1c examination before and after the 
      study. Self monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) examination was conducted in order to 
      adjust the insulin dose and prevent the incidence of hypoglycemia. Data was 
      statistically analyzed using paired-T test. RESULTS: FPG level was decreased from 
      baseline data (209 mg/dL) to 152.07 mg/dL at the end of the study (56.93 mg/dl; 
      p=0.0001). The average of 2hPPG level was also decreased from 313.00 mg/dl to 
      220.72 mg/dL ( 92.28 mg/dL; p=0.0001). HbA1c was reduced from 11.60% at baseline 
      to 8.95% at the end of study ( 2.65%; p=0.0001). Hypoglycemia was found in 6 
      patients (6.06%) in this study, but all events were mild and did not need to be 
      admitted to hospital. CONCLUSION: the safety of insulin therapy iniatiation might 
      be provided by GPs at primary health centers with significant efficacy and 
      minimal side effects.
FAU - Pranoto, Agung
AU  - Pranoto A
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Airlangga University-Dr. 
      Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.
FAU - Novida, Hermina
AU  - Novida H
FAU - Prajitno, Jongky H
AU  - Prajitno JH
FAU - Tjokroprawiro, Askandar
AU  - Tjokroprawiro A
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Multicenter Study
PL  - Indonesia
TA  - Acta Med Indones
JT  - Acta medica Indonesiana
JID - 7901042
RN  - 0 (Glycated Hemoglobin A)
RN  - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents)
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring
MH  - *Diabetes Complications
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*drug therapy
MH  - Female
MH  - Glycated Hemoglobin/*analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypoglycemia/chemically induced/prevention & control
MH  - Hypoglycemic Agents/*administration & dosage/adverse effects
MH  - Indonesia
MH  - Insulin/*administration & dosage/adverse effects
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Primary Health Care
EDAT- 2015/08/12 06:00
MHDA- 2016/05/18 06:00
CRDT- 2015/08/12 06:00
PHST- 2015/08/12 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/08/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/05/18 06:00 [medline]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Acta Med Indones. 2015 Apr;47(2):104-10.