PMID- 26270969
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160517
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 8
DP  - 2015
TI  - The Inflammatory Marker YKL-40 Is Elevated in Cerebrospinal Fluid from Patients 
      with Alzheimer's but Not Parkinson's Disease or Dementia with Lewy Bodies.
PG  - e0135458
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0135458 [doi]
LID - e0135458
AB  - A major difference in the revised diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's disease 
      (AD) is the incorporation of biomarkers to support a clinical diagnosis and allow 
      the identification of preclinical AD due to AD neuropathological processes. 
      However, AD-specific fluid biomarkers which specifically distinguish clinical AD 
      dementia from other dementia disorders are still missing. Here we aimed to 
      evaluate the disease-specificity of increased YKL-40 levels in cerebrospinal 
      fluid (CSF) from AD patients with mild to moderate dementia (n = 49) versus 
      Parkinson's disease (PD) (n = 61) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) patients (n 
      = 36), and non-demented controls (n = 44). Second we aimed to investigate whether 
      altered YKL-40 levels are associated with CSF levels of other 
      inflammation-associated molecules. When correcting for age, AD patients exhibited 
      21.3%, 27.7% and 38.8% higher YKL-40 levels compared to non-demented controls (p 
      = 0.0283), DLB (p = 0.0027) and PD patients (p<0.0001). The AD-associated 
      increase in YKL-40 was not associated with CSF P-tau, T-tau or Abeta42. No 
      relationship between increased YKL-40 and levels of the astrocytic marker 
      glial-fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), interleukin-8 (IL-8), monocyte 
      chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) 
      could be identified. Our results confirm previous reports of an age-associated 
      increased in CSF YKL-40 levels and further demonstrate increased CSF YKL-40 in AD 
      patients versus non-demented controls and patients with DLB or PD. The increase 
      in YKL-40 levels in the AD patients was unrelated to the established CSF AD 
      biomarkers and the inflammatory markers GFAP, MCP-1, IP-10 and IL-8, proposing 
      YKL-40 as a marker of yet to be identified AD-related pathological processes.
FAU - Wennstrom, Malin
AU  - Wennstrom M
AD  - Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmo, Lund 
      University, Malmo, Sweden.
FAU - Surova, Yulia
AU  - Surova Y
AD  - Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmo, Lund 
      University, Malmo, Sweden; Department of Neurology, Skane University Hospital, 
      Lund, Sweden.
FAU - Hall, Sara
AU  - Hall S
AD  - Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmo, Lund 
      University, Malmo, Sweden; Department of Neurology, Skane University Hospital, 
      Lund, Sweden.
FAU - Nilsson, Christer
AU  - Nilsson C
AD  - Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmo, Lund 
      University, Malmo, Sweden; Department of Neurology, Skane University Hospital, 
      Lund, Sweden.
FAU - Minthon, Lennart
AU  - Minthon L
AD  - Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmo, Lund 
      University, Malmo, Sweden; Memory Clinic, Skane University Hospital, Malmo, 
      Sweden.
FAU - Hansson, Oskar
AU  - Hansson O
AD  - Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmo, Lund 
      University, Malmo, Sweden; Memory Clinic, Skane University Hospital, Malmo, 
      Sweden.
FAU - Nielsen, Henrietta M
AU  - Nielsen HM
AD  - Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmo, Lund 
      University, Malmo, Sweden; Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic College of 
      Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150813
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (Adipokines)
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (CHI3L1 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Chemokines)
RN  - 0 (Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1)
RN  - 0 (Lectins)
RN  - 0 (Nerve Tissue Proteins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adipokines/*cerebrospinal fluid
MH  - Age Factors
MH  - Alzheimer Disease/cerebrospinal fluid/*immunology
MH  - Biomarkers/cerebrospinal fluid
MH  - Chemokines/cerebrospinal fluid
MH  - Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1
MH  - Dementia/cerebrospinal fluid/*immunology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Lectins/*cerebrospinal fluid
MH  - Lewy Body Disease/cerebrospinal fluid/*immunology
MH  - Nerve Tissue Proteins/cerebrospinal fluid
MH  - Parkinson Disease/cerebrospinal fluid/*immunology
PMC - PMC4536228
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2015/08/14 06:00
MHDA- 2016/05/18 06:00
PMCR- 2015/08/13
CRDT- 2015/08/14 06:00
PHST- 2015/01/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/07/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/08/14 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/08/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/05/18 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/08/13 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-15-01430 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0135458 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2015 Aug 13;10(8):e0135458. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135458. 
      eCollection 2015.