PMID- 26279828
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160509
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 2005-6745 (Electronic)
IS  - 2005-6737 (Print)
IS  - 2005-6737 (Linking)
VI  - 56
IP  - 8
DP  - 2015 Aug
TI  - Evaluation of low-dose dual energy computed tomography for in vivo assessment of 
      renal/ureteric calculus composition.
PG  - 587-93
LID - 10.4111/kju.2015.56.8.587 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the accuracy of low-dose dual-energy computed 
      tomography (DECT) in predicting the composition of urinary calculi. MATERIALS AND 
      METHODS: A total of 52 patients with urinary calculi were scanned with a 
      128-slice dual-source DECT scanner by use of a low-dose protocol. Dual-energy 
      (DE) ratio, weighted average Hounsfield unit (HU) of calculi, radiation dose, and 
      image noise levels were recorded. Two radiologists independently rated study 
      quality. Stone composition was assessed after extraction by Fourier transform 
      infrared spectroscopy (FTIRS). Analysis of variance was used to determine if the 
      differences in HU values and DE ratios between the various calculus groups were 
      significant. Threshold cutoff values to classify the calculi into separate groups 
      were identified by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS: A 
      total of 137 calculi were detected. FTIRS analysis differentiated the calculi 
      into five groups: uric acid (n=17), struvite (n=3), calcium oxalate monohydrate 
      and dihydrate (COM-COD, n=84), calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM, n=28), and 
      carbonate apatite (n=5). The HU value could differentiate only uric acid calculi 
      from calcified calculi (p<0.001). The DE ratio could confidently differentiate 
      uric acid, struvite, calcium oxalate, and carbonate apatite calculi (p<0.001) 
      with cutoff values of 1.12, 1.34, and 1.66, respectively, giving >80% sensitivity 
      and specificity to differentiate them. The DE ratio could not differentiate COM 
      from COM-COD calculi. No study was rated poor in quality by either of the 
      observers. The mean radiation dose was 1.8 mSv. CONCLUSIONS: Low-dose DECT 
      accurately predicts urinary calculus composition in vivo while simultaneously 
      reducing radiation exposure without compromising study quality.
FAU - Mahalingam, Harshavardhan
AU  - Mahalingam H
AD  - Department of Radiodiagnosis, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and 
      Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
FAU - Lal, Anupam
AU  - Lal A
AD  - Department of Radiodiagnosis, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and 
      Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
FAU - Mandal, Arup K
AU  - Mandal AK
AD  - Department of Urology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research 
      (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
FAU - Singh, Shrawan Kumar
AU  - Singh SK
AD  - Department of Urology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research 
      (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
FAU - Bhattacharyya, Shalmoli
AU  - Bhattacharyya S
AD  - Department of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and 
      Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
FAU - Khandelwal, Niranjan
AU  - Khandelwal N
AD  - Department of Radiodiagnosis, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and 
      Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Evaluation Study
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20150810
PL  - Korea (South)
TA  - Korean J Urol
JT  - Korean journal of urology
JID - 101499376
RN  - 0 (Apatites)
RN  - 0 (Magnesium Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Phosphates)
RN  - 14488-96-1 (whewellite)
RN  - 2612HC57YE (Calcium Oxalate)
RN  - 268B43MJ25 (Uric Acid)
RN  - 55326-60-8 (carboapatite)
RN  - 7236-42-2 (weddellite)
RN  - AW3EJL1462 (Struvite)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Apatites/analysis
MH  - Calcium Oxalate/analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/methods
MH  - Kidney Calculi/chemistry/*diagnostic imaging/pathology
MH  - Magnesium Compounds/analysis
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Phosphates/analysis
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - Radiation Dosage
MH  - Struvite
MH  - Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
MH  - Ureteral Calculi/chemistry/*diagnostic imaging/pathology
MH  - Uric Acid/analysis
MH  - Waist Circumference
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC4534433
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Radiation dosage
OT  - Urolithiasis
OT  - X-ray computed tomography
COIS- CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: The authors have nothing to disclose.
EDAT- 2015/08/19 06:00
MHDA- 2016/05/10 06:00
PMCR- 2015/08/01
CRDT- 2015/08/18 06:00
PHST- 2015/06/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/07/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/08/18 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/08/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/05/10 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.4111/kju.2015.56.8.587 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Korean J Urol. 2015 Aug;56(8):587-93. doi: 10.4111/kju.2015.56.8.587. Epub 2015 
      Aug 10.