PMID- 26300790
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150824
LR  - 20200930
IS  - 1664-0640 (Print)
IS  - 1664-0640 (Electronic)
IS  - 1664-0640 (Linking)
VI  - 6
DP  - 2015
TI  - Spreading Effect of tDCS in Individuals with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity 
      Disorder as Shown by Functional Cortical Networks: A Randomized, Double-Blind, 
      Sham-Controlled Trial.
PG  - 111
LID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00111 [doi]
LID - 111
AB  - BACKGROUND: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is known to modulate 
      spontaneous neural network excitability. The cognitive improvement observed in 
      previous trials raises the potential of this technique as a possible therapeutic 
      tool for use in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) population. 
      However, to explore the potential of this technique as a treatment approach, the 
      functional parameters of brain connectivity and the extent of its effects need to 
      be more fully investigated. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate a 
      functional cortical network (FCN) model based on electroencephalographic activity 
      for studying the dynamic patterns of brain connectivity modulated by tDCS and the 
      distribution of its effects in individuals with ADHD. METHODS: Sixty ADHD 
      patients participated in a parallel, randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled 
      trial. Individuals underwent a single session of sham or anodal tDCS at 1 mA of 
      current intensity over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for 20 min. The 
      acute effects of stimulation on brain connectivity were assessed using the FCN 
      model based on electroencephalography activity. RESULTS: Comparing the weighted 
      node degree within groups prior to and following the intervention, a 
      statistically significant difference was found in the electrodes located on the 
      target and correlated areas in the active group (p < 0.05), while no 
      statistically significant results were found in the sham group (p >/= 0.05; 
      paired-sample Wilcoxon signed-rank test). CONCLUSION: Anodal tDCS increased 
      functional brain connectivity in individuals with ADHD compared to data recorded 
      in the baseline resting state. In addition, although some studies have suggested 
      that the effects of tDCS are selective, the present findings show that its 
      modulatory activity spreads. Further studies need to be performed to investigate 
      the dynamic patterns and physiological mechanisms underlying the modulatory 
      effects of tDCS. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01968512.
FAU - Cosmo, Camila
AU  - Cosmo C
AD  - Postgraduate Program, Interactive Process of Organs and Systems, Federal 
      University of Bahia , Salvador , Brazil ; Neuromodulation Center, Spaulding 
      Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA ; Bahia State 
      Department of Health (SESAB) , Salvador , Brazil ; Functional Electrostimulation 
      Laboratory, Biomorphology Department, Federal University of Bahia , Salvador , 
      Brazil.
FAU - Ferreira, Candida
AU  - Ferreira C
AD  - Institute of Physics, Federal University of Bahia , Salvador , Brazil.
FAU - Miranda, Jose Garcia Vivas
AU  - Miranda JG
AD  - Institute of Physics, Federal University of Bahia , Salvador , Brazil.
FAU - do Rosario, Raphael Silva
AU  - do Rosario RS
AD  - Institute of Physics, Federal University of Bahia , Salvador , Brazil.
FAU - Baptista, Abrahao Fontes
AU  - Baptista AF
AD  - Functional Electrostimulation Laboratory, Biomorphology Department, Federal 
      University of Bahia , Salvador , Brazil ; Postgraduate Program in Medicine and 
      Human Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia , Salvador , 
      Brazil.
FAU - Montoya, Pedro
AU  - Montoya P
AD  - Research Institute in Health Sciences (IUNICS-IdisPa), University of the Balearic 
      Islands , Palma , Spain.
FAU - de Sena, Eduardo Ponde
AU  - de Sena EP
AD  - Postgraduate Program, Interactive Process of Organs and Systems, Federal 
      University of Bahia , Salvador , Brazil.
LA  - eng
SI  - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01968512
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20150804
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Psychiatry
JT  - Frontiers in psychiatry
JID - 101545006
PMC - PMC4524049
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
OT  - dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
OT  - functional cortical networks
OT  - spreading effect
OT  - transcranial direct current stimulation
EDAT- 2015/08/25 06:00
MHDA- 2015/08/25 06:01
PMCR- 2015/08/04
CRDT- 2015/08/25 06:00
PHST- 2015/03/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/07/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/08/25 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/08/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/08/25 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2015/08/04 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00111 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Psychiatry. 2015 Aug 4;6:111. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00111. eCollection 
      2015.