PMID- 26305241
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160523
LR  - 20200225
IS  - 1420-3049 (Electronic)
IS  - 1420-3049 (Linking)
VI  - 20
IP  - 8
DP  - 2015 Aug 24
TI  - Phenyllactic Acid from Lactobacillus plantarum PromotesAdipogenic Activity in 
      3T3-L1 Adipocyte via Up-Regulationof PPAR-gamma2.
PG  - 15359-73
LID - 10.3390/molecules200815359 [doi]
AB  - Synthetic drugs are commonly used to cure various human ailments at present. 
      However, the uses of synthetic drugs are strictly regulated because of their 
      adverse effects. Thus, naturally occurring molecules may be more suitable for 
      curing disease without unfavorable effects. Therefore, we investigated 
      phenyllactic acid (PLA) from Lactobacillus plantarum with respect to its effects 
      on adipogenic genes and their protein expression in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes by qPCR 
      and western blot techniques. PLA enhanced differentiation and lipid accumulation 
      in 3T3-L1 cells at the concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 muM. Maximum 
      differentiation and lipid accumulation were observed at a concentration of 100 muM 
      of PLA, as compared with control adipocytes (p < 0.05). The mRNA and protein 
      expression of PPAR-gamma2, C/EBP‑alpha, adiponectin, fatty acid synthase (FAS), and 
      SREBP-1 were increased by PLA treatment as compared with control adipocytes (p < 
      0.05). PLA stimulates PPAR-gamma mRNA expression in a concentration dependent manner, 
      but this expression was lesser than agonist (2.83 +/- 0.014 fold) of PPAR-gamma2. 
      Moreover, PLA supplementation enhances glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes 
      (11.81 +/- 0.17 mM) compared to control adipocytes, but this glucose uptake was 
      lesser than that induced by troglitazone (13.75 +/- 0.95 mM) and insulin treatment 
      (15.49 +/- 0.20 mM). Hence, we conclude that PLA treatment enhances adipocyte 
      differentiation and glucose uptake via activation of PPAR-gamma2, and PLA may thus be 
      the potential candidate for preventing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).
FAU - Ilavenil, Soundharrajan
AU  - Ilavenil S
AD  - Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, 
      Seonghwan-Eup, Cheonan-Si, Chungnam 330801, Korea. ilavenil@korea.kr.
FAU - Kim, Da Hye
AU  - Kim DH
AD  - The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 
      Tottori-Shi 6808553, Japan. pioioiq@nate.com.
FAU - Valan Arasu, Mariadhas
AU  - Valan Arasu M
AD  - Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, 
      College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi 
      Arabia. mvalanarasu@gmail.com.
FAU - Srigopalram, Srisesharam
AU  - Srigopalram S
AD  - Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, 
      Seonghwan-Eup, Cheonan-Si, Chungnam 330801, Korea. srigopalram82@korea.kr.
FAU - Sivanesan, Ravikumar
AU  - Sivanesan R
AD  - Department of Biotechnology, PRIST University, Tamilnadu 613403, India. 
      drravinikesh@yahoo.co.in.
FAU - Choi, Ki Choon
AU  - Choi KC
AD  - Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, 
      Seonghwan-Eup, Cheonan-Si, Chungnam 330801, Korea. choiwh@korea.kr.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150824
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Molecules
JT  - Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 100964009
RN  - 0 (Adiponectin)
RN  - 0 (CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Chromans)
RN  - 0 (Lactates)
RN  - 0 (PPAR gamma)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1)
RN  - 0 (Thiazolidinediones)
RN  - 156-05-8 (3-phenyllactic acid)
RN  - 33X04XA5AT (Lactic Acid)
RN  - EC 2.3.1.85 (Fatty Acid Synthases)
RN  - I66ZZ0ZN0E (Troglitazone)
RN  - IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose)
RN  - PDC6A3C0OX (Glycerol)
SB  - IM
MH  - 3T3-L1 Cells
MH  - Adipocytes/cytology/drug effects/*metabolism
MH  - Adipogenesis/*drug effects/genetics
MH  - Adiponectin/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Animals
MH  - Blotting, Western
MH  - CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Cell Differentiation/drug effects
MH  - Cell Proliferation/drug effects
MH  - Chromans/pharmacology
MH  - Fatty Acid Synthases/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Glucose/metabolism
MH  - Glycerol/metabolism
MH  - Immunoblotting
MH  - Lactates/*pharmacology
MH  - Lactic Acid/*pharmacology
MH  - Lactobacillus plantarum/*chemistry
MH  - Lipid Metabolism/drug effects
MH  - Mice
MH  - PPAR gamma/*genetics/metabolism
MH  - RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Thiazolidinediones/pharmacology
MH  - Troglitazone
MH  - Up-Regulation/*drug effects
PMC - PMC6332376
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte
OT  - PPAR-gamma antagonist
OT  - adipocyte differentiation
OT  - glucose uptake
OT  - phenyllactic acid
OT  - troglitazone
OT  - type-2 diabetes
COIS- The authors have no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2015/08/26 06:00
MHDA- 2016/05/24 06:00
PMCR- 2015/08/24
CRDT- 2015/08/26 06:00
PHST- 2015/07/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/08/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2015/08/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/08/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/08/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/05/24 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/08/24 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - molecules200815359 [pii]
AID - molecules-20-15359 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/molecules200815359 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Molecules. 2015 Aug 24;20(8):15359-73. doi: 10.3390/molecules200815359.