PMID- 26313704
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160624
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1873-6750 (Electronic)
IS  - 0160-4120 (Print)
IS  - 0160-4120 (Linking)
VI  - 85
DP  - 2015 Dec
TI  - Confidence interval estimation for pooled-sample biomonitoring from a complex 
      survey design.
PG  - 40-5
LID - S0160-4120(15)30031-3 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envint.2015.08.003 [doi]
AB  - The National Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is using a weighted 
      pooled-sample design to characterize concentrations of persistent organic 
      pollutants (POPs) in the U.S. POPULATION: Historically, this characterization has 
      been based on individual measurements of these compounds in body fluid or tissue 
      from representative samples of the population using stratified multistage 
      selection. Pooling samples before making analytical measurements reduces the 
      costs of biomonitoring by reducing the number of analyses. Pooling samples also 
      allows for larger sample volumes which can result in fewer left censored results. 
      But because samples are pooled across the sampling design cells of the original 
      survey, direct calculation of the design effects needed for accurate standard 
      error and confidence interval (CI) estimation is not possible. So in this paper I 
      describe a multiple imputation (MI) method for calculating design effects 
      associated with pooled-sample estimates. I also evaluate the method presented, by 
      simulating NHANES individual sample data from which artificial pools are created 
      for use in a comparison of pooled-sample estimates with estimates based on 
      individual samples. To further illustrate and evaluate the method proposed in 
      this paper I present geometric mean and various percentile estimates along with 
      their 95% CIs for two chemical compounds from NHANES 2005-2006 pooled samples and 
      compare them to individual-sample based estimates from NHANES 1999-2004.
CI  - Published by Elsevier Ltd.
FAU - Caudill, Samuel P
AU  - Caudill SP
AD  - Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, 
      Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Public Health Service, US Department of 
      Health and Human Services, United States. Electronic address: SPC1@CDC.GOV.
LA  - eng
GR  - CC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20150824
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Int
JT  - Environment international
JID - 7807270
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
SB  - IM
MH  - Confidence Intervals
MH  - Costs and Cost Analysis
MH  - Environmental Monitoring/economics/*methods/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/*blood
MH  - Nutrition Surveys/economics/*methods/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Research Design/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - United States
PMC - PMC4648671
MID - NIHMS719943
OID - NLM: HHSPA719943 [Available on 12/01/16]
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Biomonitoring
OT  - Complex survey design
OT  - Design effects
OT  - Persistent organic pollutants
OT  - Pooled-samples
EDAT- 2015/08/28 06:00
MHDA- 2016/06/25 06:00
PMCR- 2016/12/01
CRDT- 2015/08/28 06:00
PHST- 2014/10/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/07/20 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2015/08/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/08/28 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/08/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/06/25 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0160-4120(15)30031-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envint.2015.08.003 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Int. 2015 Dec;85:40-5. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.08.003. Epub 2015 Aug 
      24.