PMID- 26324180
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160428
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1939-327X (Electronic)
IS  - 0012-1797 (Print)
IS  - 0012-1797 (Linking)
VI  - 65
IP  - 1
DP  - 2016 Jan
TI  - Mechanism by Which Caloric Restriction Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Sedentary 
      Obese Adults.
PG  - 74-84
LID - 10.2337/db15-0675 [doi]
AB  - Caloric restriction (CR) improves insulin sensitivity and reduces the incidence 
      of diabetes in obese individuals. The underlying mechanisms whereby CR improves 
      insulin sensitivity are not clear. We evaluated the effect of 16 weeks of CR on 
      whole-body insulin sensitivity by pancreatic clamp before and after CR in 11 
      obese participants (BMI = 35 kg/m(2)) compared with 9 matched control subjects 
      (BMI = 34 kg/m(2)). Compared with the control subjects, CR increased the glucose 
      infusion rate needed to maintain euglycemia during hyperinsulinemia, indicating 
      enhancement of peripheral insulin sensitivity. This improvement in insulin 
      sensitivity was not accompanied by changes in skeletal muscle mitochondrial 
      oxidative capacity or oxidant emissions, nor were there changes in skeletal 
      muscle ceramide, diacylglycerol, or amino acid metabolite levels. However, CR 
      lowered insulin-stimulated thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) levels and 
      enhanced nonoxidative glucose disposal. These results support a role for TXNIP in 
      mediating the improvement in peripheral insulin sensitivity after CR.
CI  - (c) 2016 by the American Diabetes Association. Readers may use this article as long 
      as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the 
      work is not altered.
FAU - Johnson, Matthew L
AU  - Johnson ML
AD  - Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 
      Rochester, MN.
FAU - Distelmaier, Klaus
AU  - Distelmaier K
AD  - Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 
      Rochester, MN.
FAU - Lanza, Ian R
AU  - Lanza IR
AD  - Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 
      Rochester, MN.
FAU - Irving, Brian A
AU  - Irving BA
AD  - Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 
      Rochester, MN.
FAU - Robinson, Matthew M
AU  - Robinson MM
AD  - Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 
      Rochester, MN.
FAU - Konopka, Adam R
AU  - Konopka AR
AD  - Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 
      Rochester, MN.
FAU - Shulman, Gerald I
AU  - Shulman GI
AD  - Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Departments of Medicine and Cellular & 
      Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
FAU - Nair, K Sreekumaran
AU  - Nair KS
AD  - Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 
      Rochester, MN nair@mayo.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 DK049230/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 DK041973/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 DK059615/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - UL1-TR-000135/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - T32-DK-007352/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R24-DK-090963/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - T32 DK007198/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R24 DK090963/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 DK050456/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DK-50456/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - KL2 TR000136/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - KL2 RR024151/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U24 DK100469/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01-DK-41973/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - T32-DK-007198/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - UL1 TR000135/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - Howard Hughes Medical Institute/United States
GR  - R01-DK-49230/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - T32 DK007352/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - KL2-RR-024151/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U24-DK-100469/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - KL2-TR-000136-07/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R56 DK041973/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150831
PL  - United States
TA  - Diabetes
JT  - Diabetes
JID - 0372763
RN  - 0 (Amino Acids)
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Carrier Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Ceramides)
RN  - 0 (Diglycerides)
RN  - 0 (TXNIP protein, human)
RN  - BBX060AN9V (Hydrogen Peroxide)
SB  - IM
CIN - Diabetes. 2016 Jan;65(1):16-8. PMID: 26696635
MH  - Amino Acids/metabolism
MH  - Blood Glucose/*metabolism
MH  - Blotting, Western
MH  - *Caloric Restriction
MH  - Calorimetry, Indirect
MH  - Carrier Proteins/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Ceramides/metabolism
MH  - Diglycerides/metabolism
MH  - Energy Metabolism
MH  - Female
MH  - Glucose Clamp Technique
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism
MH  - *Insulin Resistance
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Mitochondria, Muscle/*metabolism
MH  - Muscle, Skeletal/*metabolism
MH  - Obesity/diet therapy/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Oxidation-Reduction
MH  - *Sedentary Behavior
PMC - PMC4686951
EDAT- 2015/09/02 06:00
MHDA- 2016/04/29 06:00
PMCR- 2017/01/01
CRDT- 2015/09/02 06:00
PHST- 2015/05/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/08/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/09/02 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/09/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/04/29 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - db15-0675 [pii]
AID - 0675 [pii]
AID - 10.2337/db15-0675 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Diabetes. 2016 Jan;65(1):74-84. doi: 10.2337/db15-0675. Epub 2015 Aug 31.