PMID- 26327312
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160520
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 9
DP  - 2015
TI  - Genomic and Phenomic Study of Mammary Pathogenic Escherichia coli.
PG  - e0136387
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0136387 [doi]
LID - e0136387
AB  - Escherichia coli is a major etiological agent of intra-mammary infections (IMI) 
      in cows, leading to acute mastitis and causing great economic losses in dairy 
      production worldwide. Particular strains cause persistent IMI, leading to 
      recurrent mastitis. Virulence factors of mammary pathogenic E. coli (MPEC) 
      involved pathogenesis of mastitis as well as those differentiating strains 
      causing acute or persistent mastitis are largely unknown. This study aimed to 
      identify virulence markers in MPEC through whole genome and phenome comparative 
      analysis. MPEC strains causing acute (VL2874 and P4) or persistent (VL2732) 
      mastitis were compared to an environmental strain (K71) and to the genomes of 
      strains representing different E. coli pathotypes. Intra-mammary challenge in 
      mice confirmed experimentally that the strains studied here have different 
      pathogenic potential, and that the environmental strain K71 is non-pathogenic in 
      the mammary gland. Analysis of whole genome sequences and predicted proteomes 
      revealed high similarity among MPEC, whereas MPEC significantly differed from the 
      non-mammary pathogenic strain K71, and from E. coli genomes from other 
      pathotypes. Functional features identified in MPEC genomes and lacking in the 
      non-mammary pathogenic strain were associated with synthesis of 
      lipopolysaccharide and other membrane antigens, ferric-dicitrate iron acquisition 
      and sugars metabolism. Features associated with cytotoxicity or intra-cellular 
      survival were found specifically in the genomes of strains from severe and acute 
      (VL2874) or persistent (VL2732) mastitis, respectively. MPEC genomes were 
      relatively similar to strain K-12, which was subsequently shown here to be 
      possibly pathogenic in the mammary gland. Phenome analysis showed that the 
      persistent MPEC was the most versatile in terms of nutrients metabolized and 
      acute MPEC the least. Among phenotypes unique to MPEC compared to the non-mammary 
      pathogenic strain were uric acid and D-serine metabolism. This study reveals 
      virulence factors and phenotypic characteristics of MPEC that may play a role in 
      pathogenesis of E. coli mastitis.
FAU - Blum, Shlomo E
AU  - Blum SE
AD  - Department of Animal Sciences, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and 
      Environment, Rehovot, Israel; National Mastitis Reference Center, Department of 
      Bacteriology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan, Israel; Department of 
      Bacteriology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan, Israel.
FAU - Heller, Elimelech D
AU  - Heller ED
AD  - Department of Animal Sciences, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and 
      Environment, Rehovot, Israel.
FAU - Sela, Shlomo
AU  - Sela S
AD  - Microbial Food-Safety Research Unit, Department of Food Quality & Safety, 
      Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, The Volcani Center, ARO, Bet Dagan, 
      Israel.
FAU - Elad, Daniel
AU  - Elad D
AD  - Department of Bacteriology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan, Israel.
FAU - Edery, Nir
AU  - Edery N
AD  - Department of Pathology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan, Israel.
FAU - Leitner, Gabriel
AU  - Leitner G
AD  - National Mastitis Reference Center, Department of Bacteriology, Kimron Veterinary 
      Institute, Bet Dagan, Israel.
LA  - eng
SI  - GENBANK/AJQW00000000
SI  - GENBANK/JTFD00000000
SI  - GENBANK/JTFE00000000
SI  - GENBANK/JTFF00000000
SI  - SRA/SRP059659
SI  - SRA/SRP059660
SI  - SRA/SRP059661
SI  - SRA/SRP059662
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150901
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (DNA, Bacterial)
RN  - 0 (Proteome)
RN  - 0 (Virulence Factors)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - DNA, Bacterial/genetics
MH  - Escherichia coli/*genetics/pathogenicity
MH  - Escherichia coli Infections/microbiology/*veterinary
MH  - Female
MH  - Genome, Bacterial/genetics
MH  - Mammary Glands, Animal/microbiology
MH  - Mastitis/*microbiology
MH  - Mice
MH  - Milk/microbiology
MH  - Molecular Sequence Data
MH  - Phenotype
MH  - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics
MH  - Proteome/genetics
MH  - Virulence Factors/genetics
PMC - PMC4556653
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2015/09/04 06:00
MHDA- 2016/05/21 06:00
PMCR- 2015/09/01
CRDT- 2015/09/02 06:00
PHST- 2015/04/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/08/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/09/02 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/09/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/05/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-15-17347 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0136387 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2015 Sep 1;10(9):e0136387. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136387. 
      eCollection 2015.