PMID- 26327485
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160329
LR  - 20190202
IS  - 1935-2735 (Electronic)
IS  - 1935-2727 (Print)
IS  - 1935-2727 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 9
DP  - 2015
TI  - Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Identification in Tegumentary Lesions of Patients 
      with Paracoccidioidomycosis and Different Patterns of NETs Generation In Vitro.
PG  - e0004037
LID - 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004037 [doi]
LID - e0004037
AB  - Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic mycosis, endemic in most Latin 
      American countries, especially in Brazil. It is caused by the thermo-dimorphic 
      fungus of the genus Paracoccidioides (Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and 
      Paracoccidioides lutzii). Innate immune response plays a crucial role in host 
      defense against fungal infections, and neutrophils (PMNs) are able to combat 
      microorganisms with three different mechanisms: phagocytosis, secretion of 
      granular proteins, which have antimicrobial properties, and the most recent 
      described mechanism called NETosis. This new process is characterized by the 
      release of net-like structures called Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs), 
      which is composed of nuclear (decondensed DNA and histones) and granular material 
      such as elastase. Several microorganisms have the ability of inducing NETs 
      formation, including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, viruses and some 
      fungi. We proposed to identify NETs in tegumentary lesions of patients with PCM 
      and to analyze the interaction between two strains of P. brasiliensis and human 
      PMNs by NETs formation in vitro. In this context, the presence of NETs in vivo 
      was evidenced in tegumentary lesions of patients with PCM by confocal spectrum 
      analyzer. Furthermore, we showed that the high virulent P. brasiliensis strain 18 
      (Pb18) and the lower virulent strain Pb265 are able to induce different patterns 
      of NETs formation in vitro. The quantification of extracellular DNA corroborates 
      the idea of the ability of P. brasiliensis in inducing NETs release. In 
      conclusion, our data show for the first time the identification of NETs in 
      lesions of patients with PCM and demonstrate distinct patterns of NETs in 
      cultures challenged with fungi in vitro. The presence of NETs components both in 
      vivo and in vitro open new possibilities for the detailed investigation of 
      immunity in PCM.
FAU - Della Coletta, Amanda Manoel
AU  - Della Coletta AM
AD  - Department of Pathology, UNESP - Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu Medical 
      School, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Bachiega, Tatiana Fernanda
AU  - Bachiega TF
AD  - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UNESP-Sao Paulo State University, 
      Biosciences Institute, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - de Quaglia e Silva, Juliana Carvalho
AU  - de Quaglia e Silva JC
AD  - Department of Pathology, UNESP - Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu Medical 
      School, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Soares, Angela Maria Victoriano de Campos
AU  - Soares AM
AD  - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UNESP-Sao Paulo State University, 
      Biosciences Institute, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - De Faveri, Julio
AU  - De Faveri J
AD  - Department of Pathology, UNESP - Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu Medical 
      School, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Marques, Silvio Alencar
AU  - Marques SA
AD  - Department of Dermatology and Radiotherapy, UNESP - Sao Paulo State University, 
      Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Marques, Mariangela Esther Alencar
AU  - Marques ME
AD  - Department of Pathology, UNESP - Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu Medical 
      School, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Ximenes, Valdecir Farias
AU  - Ximenes VF
AD  - Department of Chemistry, UNESP-Sao Paulo State University, School of Sciences, 
      Bauru, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Dias-Melicio, Luciane Alarcao
AU  - Dias-Melicio LA
AD  - Department of Pathology, UNESP - Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu Medical 
      School, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150901
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS Negl Trop Dis
JT  - PLoS neglected tropical diseases
JID - 101291488
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - Brazil
MH  - Extracellular Traps/*metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Microscopy, Confocal
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Neutrophils/*immunology
MH  - Paracoccidioides/*immunology
MH  - Paracoccidioidomycosis/immunology/*pathology
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - Spectrum Analysis
PMC - PMC4556621
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2015/09/04 06:00
MHDA- 2016/03/30 06:00
PMCR- 2015/09/01
CRDT- 2015/09/02 06:00
PHST- 2015/02/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/08/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/09/02 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/09/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/03/30 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PNTD-D-15-00181 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004037 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015 Sep 1;9(9):e0004037. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004037. 
      eCollection 2015.