PMID- 26345638 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20160726 LR - 20181113 IS - 1537-744X (Electronic) IS - 2356-6140 (Print) IS - 1537-744X (Linking) VI - 2015 DP - 2015 TI - Inferring Diversity and Evolution in Fish by Means of Integrative Molecular Cytogenetics. PG - 365787 LID - 10.1155/2015/365787 [doi] LID - 365787 AB - Fish constitute a paraphyletic and profusely diversified group that has historically puzzled ichthyologists. Hard efforts are necessary to better understand this group, due to its extensive diversity. New species are often identified and it leads to questions about their phylogenetic aspects. Cytogenetics is becoming an important biodiversity-detection tool also used to measure biodiversity evolutionary aspects. Molecular cytogenetics by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) allowed integrating quantitative and qualitative data from DNA sequences and their physical location in chromosomes and genomes. Although there is no intention on presenting a broader review, the current study presents some evidences on the need of integrating molecular cytogenetic data to other evolutionary biology tools to more precisely infer cryptic species detection, population structuring in marine environments, intra- and interspecific karyoevolutionary aspects of freshwater groups, evolutionary dynamics of marine fish chromosomes, and the origin and differentiation of sexual and B chromosomes. The new cytogenetic field, called cytogenomics, is spreading due to its capacity to give resolute answers to countless questions that cannot be answered by traditional methodologies. Indeed, the association between chromosomal markers and DNA sequencing as well as between biological diversity analysis methodologies and phylogenetics triggers the will to search for answers about fish evolutionary, taxonomic, and structural features. FAU - Artoni, Roberto Ferreira AU - Artoni RF AD - Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genetica, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, 84030-900 Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil. FAU - Castro, Jonathan Pena AU - Castro JP AD - Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genetica, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, 84030-900 Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil. FAU - Jacobina, Uedson Pereira AU - Jacobina UP AD - Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitaria, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil. FAU - Lima-Filho, Paulo Augusto AU - Lima-Filho PA AD - Instituto Federal de Educacao, Ciencia e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte, 59500-000 Macau, RN, Brazil. FAU - da Costa, Gideao Wagner Werneck Felix AU - da Costa GW AD - Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genetica, Centro de Biociencias, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-970 Natal, RN, Brazil. FAU - Molina, Wagner Franco AU - Molina WF AD - Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genetica, Centro de Biociencias, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-970 Natal, RN, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20150809 PL - United States TA - ScientificWorldJournal JT - TheScientificWorldJournal JID - 101131163 SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Biodiversity MH - *Biological Evolution MH - Chromosomes MH - *Cytogenetics/methods MH - Female MH - Fishes/classification/*genetics MH - Genetics, Population MH - Karyotype MH - Male PMC - PMC4546756 EDAT- 2015/09/09 06:00 MHDA- 2016/07/28 06:00 PMCR- 2015/08/09 CRDT- 2015/09/09 06:00 PHST- 2015/05/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2015/07/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2015/07/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2015/09/09 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/09/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/07/28 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2015/08/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1155/2015/365787 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - ScientificWorldJournal. 2015;2015:365787. doi: 10.1155/2015/365787. Epub 2015 Aug 9.