PMID- 26358368
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160719
LR  - 20211203
IS  - 1873-7544 (Electronic)
IS  - 0306-4522 (Linking)
VI  - 308
DP  - 2015 Nov 12
TI  - Synergistic effects of diet and exercise on hippocampal function in chronically 
      stressed mice.
PG  - 180-93
LID - S0306-4522(15)00815-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.09.005 [doi]
AB  - Severe chronic stress can have a profoundly negative impact on the brain, 
      affecting plasticity, neurogenesis, memory and mood. On the other hand, there are 
      factors that upregulate neurogenesis, which include dietary antioxidants and 
      physical activity. These factors are associated with biochemical processes that 
      are also altered in age-related cognitive decline and dementia, such as 
      neurotrophin expression, oxidative stress and inflammation. We exposed mice to an 
      unpredictable series of stressors or left them undisturbed (controls). Subsets of 
      stressed and control mice were concurrently given (1) no additional treatment, 
      (2) a complex dietary supplement (CDS) designed to ameliorate inflammation, 
      oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, insulin resistance and membrane 
      integrity, (3) a running wheel in each of their home cages that permitted them to 
      exercise, or (4) both the CDS and the running wheel for exercise. Four weeks of 
      unpredictable stress reduced the animals' preference for saccharin, increased 
      their adrenal weights and abolished the exercise-induced upregulation of 
      neurogenesis that was observed in non-stressed animals. Unexpectedly, stress did 
      not reduce hippocampal size, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), or 
      neurogenesis. The combination of dietary supplementation and exercise had 
      multiple beneficial effects, as reflected in the number of doublecortin 
      (DCX)-positive immature neurons in the dentate gyrus (DG), the sectional area of 
      the DG and hippocampal CA1, as well as increased hippocampal BDNF messenger 
      ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) 
      levels. In contrast, these benefits were not observed in chronically stressed 
      animals exposed to either dietary supplementation or exercise alone. These 
      findings could have important clinical implications for those suffering from 
      chronic stress-related disorders such as major depression.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2015 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Hutton, C P
AU  - Hutton CP
AD  - Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, 
      Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
FAU - Dery, N
AU  - Dery N
AD  - Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, 
      Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
FAU - Rosa, E
AU  - Rosa E
AD  - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, 
      Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
FAU - Lemon, J A
AU  - Lemon JA
AD  - Department of Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster 
      University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
FAU - Rollo, C D
AU  - Rollo CD
AD  - Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
FAU - Boreham, D R
AU  - Boreham DR
AD  - Department of Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster 
      University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
FAU - Fahnestock, M
AU  - Fahnestock M
AD  - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, 
      Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
FAU - deCatanzaro, D
AU  - deCatanzaro D
AD  - Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, 
      Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
FAU - Wojtowicz, J M
AU  - Wojtowicz JM
AD  - Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
FAU - Becker, S
AU  - Becker S
AD  - Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, 
      Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. Electronic address: becker@mcmaster.ca.
LA  - eng
GR  - MOP 119271/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150907
PL  - United States
TA  - Neuroscience
JT  - Neuroscience
JID - 7605074
RN  - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor)
RN  - 0 (Dcx protein, mouse)
RN  - 0 (Doublecortin Protein)
RN  - 0 (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A)
RN  - 0 (insulin-like growth factor-1, mouse)
RN  - 0 (vascular endothelial growth factor A, mouse)
RN  - 67763-96-6 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor I)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism
MH  - Chronic Disease
MH  - Depressive Disorder/pathology/physiopathology/therapy
MH  - Diet
MH  - *Dietary Supplements
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Doublecortin Protein
MH  - Hippocampus/pathology/*physiopathology
MH  - Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
MH  - Neurogenesis/physiology
MH  - Organ Size
MH  - Physical Conditioning, Animal/physiology
MH  - Running/*physiology
MH  - Stress, Psychological/pathology/*physiopathology/*therapy
MH  - Treatment Outcome
MH  - Uncertainty
MH  - Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/blood
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - dietary supplements
OT  - exercise
OT  - hippocampus
OT  - neurogenesis
OT  - psychological depression
OT  - stress
EDAT- 2015/09/12 06:00
MHDA- 2016/07/20 06:00
CRDT- 2015/09/12 06:00
PHST- 2015/04/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/07/26 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2015/09/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/09/12 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/09/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/07/20 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0306-4522(15)00815-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.09.005 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neuroscience. 2015 Nov 12;308:180-93. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.09.005. 
      Epub 2015 Sep 7.