PMID- 26371794
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20161011
LR  - 20161230
IS  - 1365-2842 (Electronic)
IS  - 0305-182X (Linking)
VI  - 43
IP  - 2
DP  - 2016 Feb
TI  - The effect of culture on pain sensitivity.
PG  - 81-8
LID - 10.1111/joor.12346 [doi]
AB  - Cross-cultural differences in pain sensitivity have been identified in pain-free 
      subjects as well as in chronic pain patients. The aim was to assess the impact of 
      culture on psychophysical measures using mechanical and electrical stimuli in 
      patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD) pain and pain-free matched 
      controls in three cultures. This case-control study compared 122 female cases of 
      chronic TMD pain (39 Saudis, 41 Swedes and 42 Italians) with equal numbers of 
      age- and gender-matched TMD-free controls. Pressure pain threshold (PPT) and 
      tolerance (PPTo) were measured over one hand and two masticatory muscles. 
      Electrical perception threshold and electrical pain threshold (EPT) and tolerance 
      (EPTo) were recorded between the thumb and index fingers. Italian females 
      reported significantly lower PPT in the masseter muscle than other cultures (P < 
      0.001) and in the temporalis muscle than Saudis (P = 0.003). Swedes reported 
      significantly higher PPT in the thenar muscle than other cultures (P = 0.017). 
      Italians reported significantly lower PPTo in all muscles than Swedes (P </= 0.006) 
      and in the masseter muscle than Saudis (P < 0.001). Italians reported 
      significantly lower EPTo than other cultures (P = 0.01). Temporomandibular 
      disorder cases, compared to TMD-free controls, reported lower PPT and PPTo in all 
      the three muscles (P < 0.001). This study found cultural differences between 
      groups in the PPT, PPTo and EPTo. Overall, Italian females reported the highest 
      sensitivity to both mechanical and electrical stimulation, while Swedes reported 
      the lowest sensitivity. Mechanical pain thresholds differed more across cultures 
      than did electrical pain thresholds. Cultural factors may influence response to 
      type of pain test.
CI  - (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
FAU - Al-Harthy, M
AU  - Al-Harthy M
AD  - Department of Oral Basic and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura 
      University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
AD  - Department of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Faculty of Odontology, Malmo 
      University, Malmo, Sweden.
AD  - Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Malmo, Sweden.
FAU - Ohrbach, R
AU  - Ohrbach R
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9266-9734
AD  - Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University at 
      Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
FAU - Michelotti, A
AU  - Michelotti A
AD  - Department of Orthodontics and Temporomandibular Disorders, School of Dentistry, 
      University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
FAU - List, T
AU  - List T
AD  - Department of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Faculty of Odontology, Malmo 
      University, Malmo, Sweden.
AD  - Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Malmo, Sweden.
AD  - Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Multicenter Study
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150915
PL  - England
TA  - J Oral Rehabil
JT  - Journal of oral rehabilitation
JID - 0433604
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Cross-Cultural Comparison
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Italy/ethnology
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Muscle, Skeletal/*physiology
MH  - Pain Measurement/methods
MH  - Pain Threshold/*ethnology
MH  - Saudi Arabia/ethnology
MH  - Sweden/ethnology
MH  - Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/*physiopathology
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - case-control studies
OT  - chronic pain
OT  - cross-cultural comparison
OT  - pain threshold
OT  - temporomandibular disorder
EDAT- 2015/09/16 06:00
MHDA- 2016/10/12 06:00
CRDT- 2015/09/16 06:00
PHST- 2015/08/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/09/16 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/09/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/10/12 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1111/joor.12346 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Oral Rehabil. 2016 Feb;43(2):81-8. doi: 10.1111/joor.12346. Epub 2015 Sep 15.