PMID- 26378572 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20160629 LR - 20220409 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 9 DP - 2015 Sep 11 TI - Increased PUFA Content and 5-Lipoxygenase Pathway Expression Are Associated with Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Obese Women with Type 2 Diabetes. PG - 7676-90 LID - 10.3390/nu7095362 [doi] AB - Obese women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have more inflammation in their subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT) than age-and-BMI similar obese women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). We aimed to investigate whether WAT fatty acids and/or oxylipins are associated with the enhanced inflammatory state in WAT of the T2DM women. Fatty acid profiles were measured in both subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue (vWAT) of 19 obese women with NGT and 16 age-and-BMI similar women with T2DM. Oxylipin levels were measured in sWAT of all women. Arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) percentages were higher in sWAT, but not vWAT of the T2DM women, and AA correlated positively to the gene expression of macrophage marker CD68. We found tendencies for higher oxylipin concentrations of the 5-LOX leukotrienes in sWAT of T2DM women. Gene expression of the 5-LOX leukotriene biosynthesis pathway was significantly higher in sWAT of T2DM women. In conclusion, AA and DHA content were higher in sWAT of T2DM women and AA correlated to the increased inflammatory state in sWAT. Increased AA content was accompanied by an upregulation of the 5-LOX pathway and seems to have led to an increase in the conversion of AA into proinflammatory leukotrienes in sWAT. FAU - Heemskerk, Mattijs M AU - Heemskerk MM AD - Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands. m.m.heemskerk@lumc.nl. AD - Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands. m.m.heemskerk@lumc.nl. FAU - Giera, Martin AU - Giera M AD - Center of Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands. m.a.giera@lumc.nl. FAU - Bouazzaoui, Fatiha El AU - Bouazzaoui FE AD - Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands. f.el_bouazzaoui@lumc.nl. AD - Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands. f.el_bouazzaoui@lumc.nl. FAU - Lips, Mirjam A AU - Lips MA AD - Department of Medicine, division Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands. m.a.lips@lumc.nl. FAU - Pijl, Hanno AU - Pijl H AD - Department of Medicine, division Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands. h.pijl@lumc.nl. FAU - van Dijk, Ko Willems AU - van Dijk KW AD - Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands. AD - Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands. AD - Department of Medicine, division Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands. FAU - van Harmelen, Vanessa AU - van Harmelen V AD - Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands. V.J.A.van_Harmelen@lumc.nl. AD - Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands. V.J.A.van_Harmelen@lumc.nl. LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20150911 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (5-Lipoxygenase-Activating Proteins) RN - 0 (ALOX5AP protein, human) RN - 0 (Antigens, CD) RN - 0 (Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic) RN - 0 (CD68 antigen, human) RN - 0 (Inflammation Mediators) RN - 0 (Leukotrienes) RN - 25167-62-8 (Docosahexaenoic Acids) RN - 27YG812J1I (Arachidonic Acid) RN - EC 1.13.11.34 (Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase) RN - EC 1.3.11.34 (ALOX5 protein, human) RN - EC 3.4.13.- (Dipeptidases) RN - EC 3.4.13.18 (CNDP2 protein, human) SB - IM MH - 5-Lipoxygenase-Activating Proteins/genetics MH - Adult MH - Antigens, CD/genetics MH - Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/genetics MH - Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase/*analysis/genetics MH - Arachidonic Acid/*analysis MH - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis/*enzymology/genetics MH - Dipeptidases/genetics MH - Docosahexaenoic Acids/*analysis MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Inflammation/diagnosis/*enzymology MH - Inflammation Mediators/*analysis MH - Intra-Abdominal Fat/enzymology MH - Leukotrienes/analysis MH - Middle Aged MH - Netherlands MH - Obesity, Morbid/diagnosis/*enzymology/genetics/surgery MH - *Signal Transduction MH - Subcutaneous Fat/*enzymology MH - Up-Regulation PMC - PMC4586557 OTO - NOTNLM OT - arachidonic acid OT - gene expression OT - leukotrienes OT - lipidomics OT - omega-3 fatty acids EDAT- 2015/09/18 06:00 MHDA- 2016/06/30 06:00 PMCR- 2015/09/01 CRDT- 2015/09/18 06:00 PHST- 2015/08/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2015/09/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2015/09/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2015/09/18 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/09/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/06/30 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2015/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu7095362 [pii] AID - nutrients-07-05362 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu7095362 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2015 Sep 11;7(9):7676-90. doi: 10.3390/nu7095362.