PMID- 26384496 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20160801 LR - 20181202 IS - 1573-4951 (Electronic) IS - 0920-654X (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 10 DP - 2015 Oct TI - Docking simulations suggest that all-trans retinoic acid could bind to retinoid X receptors. PG - 975-88 LID - 10.1007/s10822-015-9869-9 [doi] AB - Retinoid X receptors (RXRs) are ligand-controlled transcription factors which heterodimerize with other nuclear receptors to regulate gene transcriptions associated with crucial biological events. 9-cis retinoic acid (9cRA), which transactivates RXRs, is believed to be an endogenous RXR ligand. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is a natural ligand for retinoic acid receptors (RARs), which heterodimerize with RXRs. Although the concentration of 9cRA in tissues is very low, ATRA is relatively abundant and some reports show that ATRA activates RXRs. We computationally studied the possibility of ATRA binding to RXRs using two different docking methods with our developed programs to assess the binding affinities of naturally occurring retinoids. The simulations showed good correlations to the reported binding affinities of these molecules for RXRs and RARs. FAU - Tsuji, Motonori AU - Tsuji M AD - Institute of Molecular Function, 2-105-14 Takasu, Misato-shi, Saitama, 341-0037, Japan. motonori@molfunction.com. FAU - Shudo, Koichi AU - Shudo K AD - Japan Pharmaceutical Information Center, 2-12-15 Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 150-0002, Japan. FAU - Kagechika, Hiroyuki AU - Kagechika H AD - Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20150918 PL - Netherlands TA - J Comput Aided Mol Des JT - Journal of computer-aided molecular design JID - 8710425 RN - 0 (Ligands) RN - 0 (Receptors, Retinoic Acid) RN - 0 (Retinoid X Receptors) RN - 1UA8E65KDZ (Alitretinoin) RN - 5688UTC01R (Tretinoin) RN - EH28UP18IF (Isotretinoin) SB - IM MH - Alitretinoin MH - Amino Acid Sequence MH - Animals MH - Binding Sites MH - Humans MH - Isotretinoin/chemistry/metabolism MH - Ligands MH - Mice MH - *Molecular Docking Simulation MH - Molecular Sequence Data MH - Protein Conformation MH - Protein Structure, Tertiary MH - Receptors, Retinoic Acid/chemistry/*metabolism MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Retinoid X Receptors/chemistry/*metabolism MH - Tretinoin/chemistry/*metabolism OTO - NOTNLM OT - 13-cis retinoic acid OT - 9-cis retinoic acid OT - All-trans retinoic acid OT - Docking simulation OT - Retinoic acid receptors OT - Retinoid X receptors EDAT- 2015/09/20 06:00 MHDA- 2016/08/02 06:00 CRDT- 2015/09/20 06:00 PHST- 2015/07/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2015/09/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2015/09/20 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/09/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/08/02 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1007/s10822-015-9869-9 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s10822-015-9869-9 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Comput Aided Mol Des. 2015 Oct;29(10):975-88. doi: 10.1007/s10822-015-9869-9. Epub 2015 Sep 18.