PMID- 26398722 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170809 LR - 20200306 IS - 1460-2202 (Electronic) IS - 0271-3683 (Print) IS - 0271-3683 (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 6 DP - 2016 Jun TI - Prior Corneal Scarification and Injection of Immune Serum are Not Required Before Ocular HSV-1 Infection for UV-B-Induced Virus Reactivation and Recurrent Herpetic Corneal Disease in Latently Infected Mice. PG - 747-56 LID - 10.3109/02713683.2015.1061024 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Blinding ocular herpetic disease in humans is due to spontaneous reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) from latency, rather than to primary acute infection. Mice latently infected with HSV-1 undergo little or no in vivo spontaneous reactivation with accompanying virus shedding in tears. HSV-1 reactivation can be induced in latently infected mice by several in vivo procedures, with UV-B-induced reactivation being one commonly used method. In the UV-B model, corneas are scarified (lightly scratched) just prior to ocular infection to increase efficiency of the primary infection and immune serum containing HSV-1 neutralizing antibodies is injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) to increase survival and decrease acute corneal damage. Since scarification can significantly alter host gene transcription in the cornea and in the trigeminal ganglia (TG; the site of HSV-1 latency) and since injection of immune serum likely modulates innate and adaptive herpes immunity, we investigated eliminating both treatments. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Mice were infected with HSV-1 with or without corneal scarification and immune serum. HSV-1 reactivation and recurrent disease were induced by UV-B irradiation. RESULTS: When corneal scarification and immune serum were both eliminated, UV-B irradiation still induced both HSV-1 reactivation, as measured by shedding of reactivated virus in tears and herpetic eye disease, albeit at reduced levels compared to the original procedure. CONCLUSION: Despite the reduced reactivation and disease, avoidance of both corneal scarification and immune serum should improve the clinical relevance of the UV-B mouse model. FAU - BenMohamed, Lbachir AU - BenMohamed L AD - a Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology , Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine , Irvine , CA , USA . AD - b Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, School of Medicine , University of California Irvine , Irvine , CA , USA . AD - c School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine , Irvine , CA , USA . FAU - Osorio, Nelson AU - Osorio N AD - d Department of Ophthalmology, Virology Research , Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine , Irvine , CA , USA . FAU - Khan, Arif A AU - Khan AA AD - a Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology , Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine , Irvine , CA , USA . FAU - Srivastava, Ruchi AU - Srivastava R AD - a Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology , Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine , Irvine , CA , USA . FAU - Huang, Lei AU - Huang L AD - a Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology , Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine , Irvine , CA , USA . FAU - Krochmal, John J AU - Krochmal JJ AD - d Department of Ophthalmology, Virology Research , Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine , Irvine , CA , USA . FAU - Garcia, Jairo M AU - Garcia JM AD - d Department of Ophthalmology, Virology Research , Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine , Irvine , CA , USA . FAU - Simpson, Jennifer L AU - Simpson JL AD - e Department of Ophthalmology , School of Medicine, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine , Irvine , CA , USA . FAU - Wechsler, Steven L AU - Wechsler SL AD - d Department of Ophthalmology, Virology Research , Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine , Irvine , CA , USA . AD - f Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics , School of Medicine, University of California Irvine , Irvine , CA , USA and. AD - g Center for Virus Research, University of California Irvine , Irvine , CA , USA. LA - eng GR - R01 EY026103/EY/NEI NIH HHS/United States GR - R56 AI098985/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 EY013191/EY/NEI NIH HHS/United States GR - R56 AI093133/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 EY019896/EY/NEI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 EY022365/EY/NEI NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 AI110902/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 EY014900/EY/NEI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 EY024618/EY/NEI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20150923 PL - England TA - Curr Eye Res JT - Current eye research JID - 8104312 RN - 0 (Immune Sera) RN - 0 (Immunologic Factors) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Cornea/*pathology/virology MH - Disease Models, Animal MH - Eye Infections, Viral/pathology/*virology MH - Female MH - Herpesvirus 1, Human/*physiology/radiation effects MH - Immune Sera/*administration & dosage MH - Immunologic Factors/administration & dosage MH - Keratitis, Herpetic/therapy/*virology MH - Mice MH - Mice, Inbred C57BL MH - Rabbits MH - Tears/*virology MH - Ultraviolet Rays MH - Virus Activation/*radiation effects MH - Virus Latency MH - Virus Shedding PMC - PMC5349863 MID - NIHMS852670 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Eye OT - HSV-1 OT - UV-B OT - latency OT - mice OT - reactivation COIS- DECLARATION OF INTEREST The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper. EDAT- 2015/09/24 06:00 MHDA- 2017/08/10 06:00 PMCR- 2017/03/14 CRDT- 2015/09/24 06:00 PHST- 2015/09/24 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/09/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/08/10 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/03/14 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3109/02713683.2015.1061024 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Curr Eye Res. 2016 Jun;41(6):747-56. doi: 10.3109/02713683.2015.1061024. Epub 2015 Sep 23.