PMID- 26405548
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20200930
IS  - 2049-9434 (Print)
IS  - 2049-9442 (Electronic)
IS  - 2049-9434 (Linking)
VI  - 3
IP  - 5
DP  - 2015 Sep
TI  - Lipoteichoic acid from an Enterococcus faecalis clinical strain promotes TNF-alpha 
      expression through the NF-kappaB and p38 MAPK signaling pathways in differentiated 
      THP-1 macrophages.
PG  - 697-702
AB  - To study the immune-inflammatory response and signaling mechanism of macrophages 
      to purified Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) lipoteichoic acid (LTA), intact 
      LTA was obtained from an E. faecalis clinical strain P25RC using the butanol 
      method and hydrophobic interaction chromatography purification. The fractions 
      containing LTA were determined using phosphate detection. Contaminations with 
      lipopolysaccharide and proteins were excluded using the Limulus amoebocyte lysate 
      assay and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, 
      respectively. LTA was analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance. Prior to LTA 
      stimulation assays, THP-1 monocytes were pretreated with phorbol 12-myristate 
      13-acetate to differentiate into macrophages. Macrophages were treated with LTA 
      in concentration gradients and cells without LTA treatment as the control. Gene 
      expression of TLR2, CD14 and MyD88 were evaluated by quantitative polymerase 
      chain reaction. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin (IL)-10 were 
      quantified using ELISA. The activated and total nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) p65 and 
      three mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38, ERK1/2 and JNK) were assessed using 
      western blot analysis. E. faecalis LTA induced the gene expression of TLR2 and 
      MyD88 whilst it downregulated CD14, suggesting a TLR2-dependent and 
      CD14-independent immune-inflammatory activity. LTA stimulated the expression of 
      pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha (P<0.05), but not the anti-inflammatory cytokine 
      IL-10. In conclusion, E. faecalis LTA stimulated the expression of TNF-alpha in 
      macrophages possibly through the NF-kappaB and p38 pathways.
FAU - Wang, Shuai
AU  - Wang S
AD  - Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China.
FAU - Liu, Kun
AU  - Liu K
AD  - Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China 
      ; School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China.
FAU - Seneviratne, Chaminda Jayampath
AU  - Seneviratne CJ
AD  - Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, 
      Singapore.
FAU - Li, Xuechen
AU  - Li X
AD  - Faculty of Chemistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China.
FAU - Cheung, Gary Shun Pan
AU  - Cheung GS
AD  - Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China.
FAU - Jin, Lijian
AU  - Jin L
AD  - Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China.
FAU - Chu, Chun Hung
AU  - Chu CH
AD  - Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China.
FAU - Zhang, Chengfei
AU  - Zhang C
AD  - Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20150727
PL  - England
TA  - Biomed Rep
JT  - Biomedical reports
JID - 101613227
PMC - PMC4576493
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Enterococcus faecalis
OT  - innate immune response
OT  - lipoteichoic acid
OT  - root canal infection
OT  - signaling pathways
OT  - tumor necrosis factor-alpha
EDAT- 2015/09/26 06:00
MHDA- 2015/09/26 06:01
PMCR- 2015/07/27
CRDT- 2015/09/26 06:00
PHST- 2015/04/05 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/07/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/09/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/09/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/09/26 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2015/07/27 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - BR-0-0-495 [pii]
AID - 10.3892/br.2015.495 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Biomed Rep. 2015 Sep;3(5):697-702. doi: 10.3892/br.2015.495. Epub 2015 Jul 27.