PMID- 26407558
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160707
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1297-9716 (Electronic)
IS  - 0928-4249 (Print)
IS  - 0928-4249 (Linking)
VI  - 46
DP  - 2015 Sep 25
TI  - Maternal and fetal predictors of fetal viral load and death in third trimester, 
      type 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infected pregnant 
      gilts.
PG  - 107
LID - 10.1186/s13567-015-0251-7 [doi]
LID - 107
AB  - Minimal research has focused on understanding mechanisms underlying porcine 
      reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) induced reproductive failure. 
      We have completed a large-scale project investigating phenotypic and genotypic 
      predictors of reproductive PRRS severity in which numerous clinical, 
      pathological, immunologic and viral responses were characterized in dams and 
      fetuses. The goal was to determine which phenotypic responses were associated 
      with fetal viral load and death after experimental infection of pregnant gilts 
      with type 2 PRRSV, thereby elucidating mechanisms of reproductive PRRS in third 
      trimester pregnant gilts. The presence of fetal infection and increasing RNA 
      concentration at the maternal-fetal interface were strong predictors of the 
      probability of fetal death, while PRRSV RNA concentration in dam sera and 
      systemic tissues were not associated with the odds of fetal death. Fetal 
      infection and death clustered, indicating that the status of adjacent fetuses is 
      crucial for lateral transmission and fetal outcome. Several systemic immune 
      responses of gilts were associated with fetal outcome and viral load: 
      interferon-alpha contributed to the probability of fetal death, but absolute numbers 
      of T helper cells in early infection, absolute numbers of myeloid cells over time 
      and interleukin 12 levels appeared protective. These results suggest specific 
      immune responses may either contribute to, or protect against, transplacental 
      virus transmission. The WUR10000125 SNP on chromosome 4, associated with PRRS 
      resilience in nursery pigs, was not associated with reproductive outcome. Whereas 
      past research suggested that fetal death results from events occurring at the 
      maternal-fetal interface, we conclude that viral replication within fetuses and 
      spread of PRRSV to adjacent fetuses are pivotal events in the pathogenesis of 
      reproductive PRRS.
FAU - Ladinig, Andrea
AU  - Ladinig A
AD  - Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N5B4, 
      Canada. andrea.ladinig@vetmeduni.ac.at.
AD  - University Clinic for Swine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public 
      Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, 
      Vienna, Austria. andrea.ladinig@vetmeduni.ac.at.
FAU - Ashley, Carolyn
AU  - Ashley C
AD  - Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N5B4, 
      Canada. carolyn.ashley@usask.ca.
FAU - Detmer, Susan E
AU  - Detmer SE
AD  - Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, 
      University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N5B4, Canada. 
      susan.detmer@usask.ca.
FAU - Wilkinson, Jamie M
AU  - Wilkinson JM
AD  - Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, Faculty of 
      Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, 410 
      Agriculture/Forestry Centre, Edmonton, AB, T6G2P5, Canada. 
      james.wilkinson@ales.ualberta.ca.
FAU - Lunney, Joan K
AU  - Lunney JK
AD  - Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, 
      Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 10300 Baltimore 
      Blvd., Building 003, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA. Joan.Lunney@ars.usda.gov.
FAU - Plastow, Graham
AU  - Plastow G
AD  - Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, Faculty of 
      Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, 410 
      Agriculture/Forestry Centre, Edmonton, AB, T6G2P5, Canada. 
      graham.plastow@ales.ualberta.ca.
FAU - Harding, John C S
AU  - Harding JC
AD  - Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N5B4, 
      Canada. john.harding@usask.ca.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150925
PL  - England
TA  - Vet Res
JT  - Veterinary research
JID - 9309551
RN  - 0 (RNA, Viral)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Female
MH  - Fetus/virology
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/*virology
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/*physiology
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/*veterinary/virology
MH  - RNA, Viral/analysis
MH  - Swine
MH  - Thymus Gland/*virology
MH  - Viral Load/*veterinary
PMC - PMC4582889
EDAT- 2015/09/27 06:00
MHDA- 2016/07/09 06:00
PMCR- 2015/09/25
CRDT- 2015/09/27 06:00
PHST- 2015/04/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/08/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/09/27 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/09/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/07/09 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/09/25 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1186/s13567-015-0251-7 [pii]
AID - 251 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s13567-015-0251-7 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Vet Res. 2015 Sep 25;46:107. doi: 10.1186/s13567-015-0251-7.