PMID- 26434530
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20161007
LR  - 20161230
IS  - 1879-3177 (Electronic)
IS  - 0887-2333 (Linking)
VI  - 30
IP  - 1 Pt B
DP  - 2015 Dec 25
TI  - Comparative safety evaluation of silica-based particles.
PG  - 355-63
LID - S0887-2333(15)00250-7 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.09.030 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) are increasingly used as drug delivery 
      systems (DDS) and for biomedical imaging. Therapeutic and diagnostic agents can 
      be incorporated into the silica matrix to improve the stability and dissolution 
      of drug substances in biological systems. However, the safety of SNPs as drug 
      carriers remains controversial. To date, no validated and accepted nano-specific 
      tests exist to predict the potentially harmful impact of these materials on the 
      human body. METHODS: We synthesized by a systematic approach 12 different types 
      of SNPs with varying size, surface topology (porous vs non-porous), and surface 
      modifications. We characterized these particles in terms of dry state and 
      hydrodynamic diameter, specific surface area, and net surface charge 
      (zeta-potential). For cellular studies, we exposed non-phagocytic (HepG2) cells, 
      phagocytic (THP-1) cells, and erythrocytes to SNPs. Cellular uptake and stability 
      of fluorescently labeled SNPs were analyzed by confocal microscopy and flow 
      cytometry. RESULTS: SNPs with a porous surface and negative net surface charge 
      had the strongest impact on cell viability. This is in contrast to non-porous 
      SNPs. None of the studied particles induced oxidative stress in either cell 
      lines. Particles with a negative surface charge induced hemolysis in a 
      concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS: Physico-chemical properties 
      promoting cytotoxicity and hemolysis were investigated. Our study revealed 
      potential hazards of spherical amorphous SNPs.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Kettiger, Helene
AU  - Kettiger H
AD  - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, 
      University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
FAU - Sen Karaman, Didem
AU  - Sen Karaman D
AD  - Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Abo 
      Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of 
      Science and Engineering, Abo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
FAU - Schiesser, Laura
AU  - Schiesser L
AD  - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, 
      University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
FAU - Rosenholm, Jessica M
AU  - Rosenholm JM
AD  - Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Abo 
      Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
FAU - Huwyler, Jorg
AU  - Huwyler J
AD  - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, 
      University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. Electronic address: 
      joerg.huwyler@unibas.ch.
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20151003
PL  - England
TA  - Toxicol In Vitro
JT  - Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with 
      BIBRA
JID - 8712158
RN  - 7631-86-9 (Silicon Dioxide)
SB  - IM
MH  - Cell Survival/drug effects
MH  - Drug Delivery Systems
MH  - Hemolysis/drug effects
MH  - Hep G2 Cells
MH  - Humans
MH  - Nanoparticles/*toxicity
MH  - Oxidative Stress/drug effects
MH  - Particle Size
MH  - Silicon Dioxide/*toxicity
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cell viability
OT  - Hemolysis
OT  - Oxidative stress
OT  - Silica nanoparticles
EDAT- 2015/10/06 06:00
MHDA- 2016/10/08 06:00
CRDT- 2015/10/06 06:00
PHST- 2015/04/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/08/13 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2015/09/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/10/06 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/10/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/10/08 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0887-2333(15)00250-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.09.030 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Toxicol In Vitro. 2015 Dec 25;30(1 Pt B):355-63. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.09.030. 
      Epub 2015 Oct 3.