PMID- 26440967
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160411
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1935-2735 (Electronic)
IS  - 1935-2727 (Print)
IS  - 1935-2727 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 10
DP  - 2015
TI  - Permethrin-Treated Clothing as Protection against the Dengue Vector, Aedes 
      aegypti: Extent and Duration of Protection.
PG  - e0004109
LID - 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004109 [doi]
LID - e0004109
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Dengue transmission by the mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti, occurs 
      indoors and outdoors during the day. Personal protection of individuals, 
      particularly when outside, is challenging. Here we assess the efficacy and 
      durability of different types of insecticide-treated clothing on 
      laboratory-reared Ae. aegypti. METHODS: Standardised World Health Organisation 
      Pesticide Evaluation Scheme (WHOPES) cone tests and arm-in-cage assays were used 
      to assess knockdown (KD) and mortality of Ae. aegypti tested against 
      factory-treated fabric, home-dipped fabric and microencapsulated fabric. Based on 
      the testing of these three different treatment types, the most protective was 
      selected for further analysis using arm-in cage assays with the effect of 
      washing, ultra-violet light, and ironing investigated using high pressure liquid 
      chromatography. RESULTS: Efficacy varied between the microencapsulated and 
      factory dipped fabrics in cone testing. Factory-dipped clothing showed the 
      greatest effect on KD (3 min 38.1%; 1 hour 96.5%) and mortality (97.1%) with no 
      significant difference between this and the factory dipped school uniforms. 
      Factory-dipped clothing was therefore selected for further testing. Factory 
      dipped clothing provided 59% (95% CI = 49.2%- 66.9%) reduction in landing and a 
      100% reduction in biting in arm-in-cage tests. Washing duration and technique had 
      a significant effect, with insecticidal longevity shown to be greater with 
      machine washing (LW50 = 33.4) compared to simulated hand washing (LW50 = 17.6). 
      Ironing significantly reduced permethrin content after 1 week of simulated use, 
      with a 96.7% decrease after 3 months although UV exposure did not reduce 
      permethrin content within clothing significantly after 3 months simulated use. 
      CONCLUSION: Permethrin-treated clothing may be a promising intervention in 
      reducing dengue transmission. However, our findings also suggest that clothing 
      may provide only short-term protection due to the effect of washing and ironing, 
      highlighting the need for improved fabric treatment techniques.
FAU - DeRaedt Banks, Sarah
AU  - DeRaedt Banks S
AD  - Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 
      London, United Kingdom.
FAU - Orsborne, James
AU  - Orsborne J
AD  - Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 
      London, United Kingdom; arctec, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 
      London, United Kingdom.
FAU - Gezan, Salvador A
AU  - Gezan SA
AD  - SFRC, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America.
FAU - Kaur, Harparkash
AU  - Kaur H
AD  - Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 
      London, United Kingdom.
FAU - Wilder-Smith, Annelies
AU  - Wilder-Smith A
AD  - Department of Global Health and Epidemiology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden; Lee 
      Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
FAU - Lindsey, Steve W
AU  - Lindsey SW
AD  - School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham, United 
      Kingdom.
FAU - Logan, James G
AU  - Logan JG
AD  - Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 
      London, United Kingdom; arctec, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 
      London, United Kingdom.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20151006
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS Negl Trop Dis
JT  - PLoS neglected tropical diseases
JID - 101291488
RN  - 0 (Insect Repellents)
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 509F88P9SZ (Permethrin)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Aedes
MH  - Animals
MH  - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
MH  - Clothing
MH  - Dengue/*prevention & control
MH  - Female
MH  - Insect Repellents/pharmacology
MH  - *Insect Vectors
MH  - Insecticides/*pharmacology
MH  - Permethrin/*pharmacology
MH  - World Health Organization
PMC - PMC4595206
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2015/10/07 06:00
MHDA- 2016/04/12 06:00
PMCR- 2015/10/06
CRDT- 2015/10/07 06:00
PHST- 2015/03/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/09/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/10/07 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/10/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/04/12 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/10/06 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PNTD-D-15-00411 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004109 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015 Oct 6;9(10):e0004109. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004109. 
      eCollection 2015.